중국은 WTO 분쟁해결제도에 어떻게 참여하고 있는가? 소극적 회피주의에서 대응적 법률주의로

국문 초록 (Abstract)

이 논문의 목적은 WTO 분쟁에서 나타나는 중국의 분쟁해결 행태의 특징을 파악하는 것이다. 이를 위해, 중국 분쟁참가의 빈도와 유형, 분쟁사건들의 절차적 결과와 실질적 결과, 판결 준수 여부 등 분쟁관련 주요 지표들을 통계적으로 정리하고, 이를 여타 국가들의 분쟁 지표들과 비교해 보았다. 2007년 이후 대폭적으로 증가한 중국의 분쟁참여 및 그 행태를 볼 때, 중국이 더 이상 WTO 분쟁해결제도의 피동적·소극적 참가자가 아님은 분명하지만, 중국이 미국과 EU 같은 공격적 법률주의를 구사하고 있다고 할 수는 없다. 현재 중국의 분쟁 참여 태도와 패턴은 “대응적 법률주의”로 이해하는 것이 더 적절할 것이다. 또한 WTO 분쟁해결제도 하에서 이루어진 합의 및 판정결과에 대한 중국의 준수 정도는, 미국과 EU 등 WTO 주요국들의 그것과 비교하면 양호한 편이다. 즉, 중국이 WTO 규범의 심각한 위반자이거나 WTO 체제의 도전자라는 근거는 아직까지 발견할 수 없다.

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This article examines the features of China’s behavior under the WTO dispute settlement mechanism(DSM). The key indicators of the China’s dispute settlement behavior ? the frequency of China’s appearance as a complainant/respondent /third-party, the procedural and substantive results of China-related disputes, the degree of China’s compliance to the dispute decisions, etc ? are presented and compared with those of other members. The significant findings from this study are; 1) China is not any more a “reluctant litigant” who simply commands “passive legalism,” but 2) it has not advanced yet so as to command “aggressive legalism.” In sum, China reveals the characteristics of “responsive legalism,” and it shows a relatively compliant and respectful attitude to the WTO dispute decisions so far.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• 논문요약
• Ⅰ. 서론
• Ⅱ. 선행연구 검토
• Ⅲ. 중국의 WTO 분쟁 참가: 빈도와 형태, 분쟁의 절차적 결과와 실질적 결과, 그리고 판결의 실행
• Ⅳ. 결론
• 참고문헌
• Abstract

참고문헌 (Reference)

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