패배감이 불안과 우울에 미치는 영향 : 자기인식과 속박감의 순차중다매개효과

국문 초록 (Abstract)

본 연구의 목적은 패배감과 불안/우울과의 관계에서 자기인식(자기위안, 자기공격, 자기비난)과 속박감의 순차중다매개효과를 알아보기 위한 것이었다. 이를 위하여 연구에 동의한 287명의 대학생들이 연구에 참여하였고, 한 달 간격으로 관련 변인들을 두 번 측정하였다. 순차중다매개모형은 SPSS macro를 사용하여 분석하였다. 연구결과, 속박감이 패배감과 불안의 관계를 완전매개하는 것으로 나타났으며 우울에서도 동일한 완전매개효과가 검증되었다. 자기인식 변인들은 서로간의 상호작용 또는 속박감을 통해 패배감과 불안/우울의 관계를 매개하는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 결과는 불안이나 우울을 다루는데 있어 속박감을 줄이거나 자기인식을 변화시키기 위한 인지적 개입이 도움이 될 것이라는 것을 시사한다. 마지막으로 본 연구의 제한점 및 연구의 의의에 대해 논의하였다.

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The aim of the present study was to investigate the serial multiple mediating effects of self-cognition(self reassuring, self attacking, self criticism) and entrapment on anxiety/depression. A total of 287 university students, who agreed to take part in current study, participated. They completed self-report questionnaires twice in an one month interval. A serial multiple mediator model was tested using SPSS macro. According to the results, entrapment fully mediated the relationship between defeat and anxiety/depression. Self-cognition mediated the relationship between defeat and anxiety/depression through their interaction or entrapment. These results suggest that the cognitive intervention to reduce entrapment and modify self-cognition may be helpful to ameliorate depression or anxiety. Limitations and implications of the current study were discussed.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• 요약
• 방법
• 연구대상
• 측정도구
• 연구절차 및 분석방법
• 결과
• 패배감과 자기에 대한 인식, 우울ㆍ불안과의관계
• 패배감과 불안과의 관계에서 속박감, 자기인식의 매개효과
• 패배감과 우울과의 관계에서 속박감, 자기인식의 매개효과
• 논의
• 참고문헌
• Abstract

참고문헌 (Reference)

1 조현주, "한국판 자기비판/자기공격과 자기위안 형태척도의 신뢰도와 타당도 연구" 한국인지행동치료학회 11 (11): 137-154, 2011

2 이종선, "한국판 내적 속박감 및 외적 속박감 척도의 신뢰도와 타당도 연구" 한국심리학회 31 (31): 239-259, 2012

3 최윤영, "우울취약성과 자살사고의 관계: 속박패배감의 매개효과" 한국인지행동치료학회 13 (13): 423-443, 2013

4 이종선, "외적 속박감이 자살사고에 미치는 영향: 부정적 정서의 매개효과 및 정서대처 탄력성의 조절효과" 한국임상심리학회 31 (31): 883-905, 2012

5 서영석, "상담심리 연구에서 매개효과와 조절효과 검증: 개념적 구분 및 자료 분석 시 고려 사항" 한국상담심리학회 22 (22): 1147-1168, 2010

6 오세만, "병원 불안-우울척도에 관한 표준화 연구" 38 (38): 289-296, 1999

7 정지현, "고통 감내력과 심리적 건강의 관계: 탈중심화와 회피적 대처의 매개효과" 한국임상심리학회 32 (32): 627-647, 2013

8 Johnson, J., "Trait reappraisal amplifies subjective defeat, sadness, and negative affect in response to failure versus success in nonclinical and psychosis populations" 120 (120): 922-934, 2011

9 Sturman, E. D., "The role of personality in defeat : a revised social rank model" 22 : 55-79, 2008

10 Gilbert, P., "The role of defeat and entrapment(arrested flight)in depression : An exploration of an evolutionary view" 28 : 585-598, 1998

11 Taylor, P. J., "The role of defeat and entrapment in depression, anxiety, and suicide" 137 (137): 391-420, 2011

12 Gilbert, P., "The relationship of shame, social anxiety　and depression : the role of the evaluation of social rank" 7 : 174-189, 2000

13 Zigmond, A. S., "The hospital anxiety and depression scale" 67 (67): 361-370, 1983

14 Johnson, J., "Suicide risk in schizophrenia: Explanatory models and clinical implications" 81 : 55-77, 2008

15 Gilbert, P., "Subordination and defeat: An evolutionary approach to mood disorders and their therapy" Erlbaum 3-45, 2000

16 Gilbert, P., "Sensitivity to social put-down : it’s relationship to perceptions of social rank, shame, social anxiety, depression, anger and self-other blame" 29 (29): 757-774, 2000

17 Sturman, E. D., "Self-criticism and major depression : an evolutionary perspective" 44 : 505-519, 2005

18 Nietzel, M. T., "Relationship of dependency and achievement/autonomy to depression" 10 (10): 279-297, 1990

19 Gilbert, P., "Relationship of anhedonia and anxiety to social rank, defeat and entrapment" 71 : 141-151, 2002

20 O'Connor, R. C., "Psychological process and repeat suicidal behavior : a four-year prospective study" 81 (81): 1137-1143, 2013

21 Kline, R. B., "Principles and practice of structural education modeling" Guilford Press 2005

22 Mongrain, M., "Perceptual biases, affet, and behavior in relationship of dependents and self-critics" 75 : 230-241, 1998

23 Tang, N. K. Y., "Mental defeat predicts distress and disability in hong kong Chinese with chronic pain" 29 (29): 830-836, 2013

24 Tang, N. K. Y., "Mental defeat is linked to interference, distress and disability in chronic pain" 149 : 547-554, 2010

25 Tang, N. K. Y., "Mental defeat in chronic pain : initial exploration of the concept" 23 (23): 222-232, 2007

26 Rooke, O., "Loss, humiliation and entrapment as appraisals of schizophrenic illness : A prospective study of depressed and non-depressed patients" 37 : 259-268, 1998

27 Blatt, S., "Interpersonal relatedness and self-definition : Two prototypes for depression" 12 : 527-562, 1992

28 Griffiths A., "Feeling defeated, entrapped is linked to anxiety, depression" 2013

29 Sloman, L., "Evolved mechanisms in depression : The role and interaction of attachment and social rank in depression" 74 : 107-121, 2003

30 Carvalho, S., "Entrapment and defeat perceptions in depressive symptomatology : through an evolutionary approach" 76 (76): 53-67, 2013

31 Rasmussen, S. A., "Elaborating the cry of pain model of suicidality : testing a psychological model in a sample of first-time and repeat self-harm patients" 49 : 15-30, 2010

32 Gilbert, P., "Criticizing and reassuring oneself : An exploration of forms, styles and reasons in female students" 43 : 31-50, 2004

33 Preacher, K. J., "Asymptotic and resampling strategies for assessing and comparing indirect effects in multiple mediator models" 40 (40): 879-891, 2008

34 Taylor, P. J., "Are defeat and entrapment best defined as a single construct?" 47 : 795-797, 2009

35 Taylor, P. J., "Appraisals and suicidality : the mediating role of defeat and entrapment" 14 (14): 236-247, 2010

36 Hayes, A., "An introduction to mediation, moderation, and conditional process analysis: A regression-based approach" Guilford 2013

37 Gilbert, P., "An exploration into depression-focused and anger-focused rumination in relation to depression in a student population" 33 (33): 273-283, 2005