동북아 역내국가에서 정치적 대결과 경제협력의 공존 : 남북교역과 중일교역

국문 초록 (Abstract)

본 연구는 탈냉전기 남북한간 교역의 추이와 패턴, 그리고 이를 둘러싼 환경적 요인들을 냉전 시기 중국-일본간 교역의 양상과 비교함으로써 동북아시아의 역사적 환경에서 적대국간 교역이 어떤 요인들에 의해 촉진 또는 저해되는지를 밝히는 것을 목적으로 한다. 이를 위해 탈냉전기 남북한 교역과 냉전 시기 중일 교역의 비교를 통해 ‘정경분리’냐 ‘정경연계’냐의 문제, 적대국간 교역에서 주행위자의 역할과 위상, 정부와 민간의 역할 구성 및 분담 등 다양한 쟁점 등을 논의한다.

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Steady growth of bilateral trade between Japan and China while political animosity prevailed in the 1950s, and between South and North Korea after the second nuclear crisis erupted, offers counterevidence of the popular ‘trade follows the flag’ thesis in the trade-conflicts causality theories. Both cases show that rise of political confrontation did not necessarily undermine existing level of trade relationship in a dyadic level. By examining the two cases focusing on Japanese and South Korean government’s initiative known as ‘the separation of politics and economy’ (‘Seikei Bunli’ in Japanese, ‘Chŏngkyŏng Bulli’ in Korean), this paper argues that economic interests of diversified domestic groups as well as political consideration played a crucial role in forging economic relationship between the adversary nations. Despite substantial differences in terms of the magnitude of a military threat perceived in South Korea and Japan, the two cases of trade flows suggest that trade relationship is not always likely to be overwhelmed by the politically formed trade obstacles such as the United States strategic concern, ideological confrontation, and the Communist trade partners’ attempts to spur the public opinion split in both countries. The paper concludes that a key factor to sustain