Effect of Peanut Seed Orientation on Germination, Seedling Biomass, and Morphology in an Oak Tree Sawdust ]Cultivation System

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

We performed seed germination tests to investigate the effects of seed sowing orientation ongermination viability on peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) sprouts. Specifically, we assessed theinfluence of seed sowing orientation on germination rate, seedling weight, and seedling length,as well as the seedling vigor index. The seeds were sown in oak tree sawdust at 3.0 cm depth.
Four seed orientations were tested: vertical with the hypocotyl end down, vertical with thehypocotyl end up, horizontal with the hypocotyl end down, and horizontal with the hypocotylend up. The mean seed germination percentages of the four seed orientations were significantlydifferent (p < 0.01) and ranged from 25 to 91.7%. The vertical orientation with hypocotylend-down and hypocotyl-end-up orientations showed the highest (91.7%) and lowest (25%)germination rates, respectively. The vertical orientation with the hypocotyl end down producedthe heaviest (4.9 g) seedlings and the longest hypocotyls (4.65 cm). This orientation alsoproduced the longest true leaf + epycotyl (2.15 cm) and had the highest seedling vigor index(197.1). The seedlings had a straight growth pattern, whereas seedlings from seeds sown withthe hypocotyl up had an awkward plumular hook shape. Taken together, to produce peanutsprouts, we recommend placing the seeds vertically with the hypocotyl end down because thisorientation leads to a high germination rate, high biomass production, and high overall seedlingquality.

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