농가 가구원의 교육수준이 농가소득에 미치는 영향 분석 = The Effect of Schooling of Farm Household Members on Household Income

국문 초록 (Abstract)

본 연구는 학교교육의 소득증대효과에 초점을 맞추어 농가 구성원의 교육수준이 농가소득에 미치는 영향을 분석하는 데 목적이 있다. 학교교육의 소득증대효과는 소득함수 추정을 통해 측정하였고, 경영주와 가구원의 교육년수를 사용하여 학교교육의 소득효과를 비교하였다. 사용자료는 2003~2007년 「농가경제조사」(통계청) 원자료이고, 실증분석에는 통합OLS와 패널GLS, 3SLS를 사용하였다.
분석결과는 학교교육의 소득증대효과를 확인시켜준다. 성인 가구원의 최고 교육수준 및 평균교육수준이 높을수록 농가소득 총액 및 농업소득과 농외소득이 모두 유의하게 증가하며, 학교교육의 소득증대효과는 특히 농업소득에 비해 농외소득에서 크다. 따라서 농가 구성원의 학교교육에 대한 투자가 농가소득 증대를 위한 효과적인 전략이 될 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The purpose of this study was to analyze the income effect of the schooling level of farm household members while comparing such an effect according to differing sources of household income. The income effect of schooling was measured by estimating the Mincerian earnings function, taking into account the endogeneity of the schooling variables. A three-stage least squares (3SLS) analysis was applied, along with pooled OLS and panel GLS, to the panel data constructed from the Farm Household Economy Survey for the years 2003 to 2007.
The empirical results confirmed the significant income effect of schooling – for both the maximum years and the average years - of farm household members. The maximum or average years of schooling of farm household members, all other things being equal, substantially increased the total household income and increased farm income and non-farm income independently as well. The income enhancement effect of schooling was particularly large for non-farm income, reflecting the large allocative effect of schooling. The findings therefore imply that educational investments in farm household members can be an effective strategy for increasing farm/non-farm income.

참고문헌 (Reference)

1 주학중, "한국의 소득분배와 결정요인(상)" 한국개발연구원 1979

2 최재혁, "한국의 농가소득 결정에 미치는 요인 분석" 한국산업경제학회 18 (18): 1139-1159, 2005

3 이병기, "한국경제위기 전후 농가소득불균등 변화와 정책과제" 27 (27): 25-40, 2000

4 정진화, "한국 사회의 양극화 현상과 대책-소득 및 교육격차를 중심으로" 한국연구재단 2011

5 김강호, "학력과 직업훈련 참여가 임금에 미치는 효과" 한국농·산업교육학회 41 (41): 123-151, 2009

6 통계청, "통계청 홈페이지.「가계동향조사」,「농가경제조사」,「경제활동인구조사」,「농림어업총조사」"

7 남수연 Nam, Sou-Yeon, "친환경과 정보화요인이 농업소득에 미치는 영향" 재단법인 한국농촌경제연구원 29 (29): 45-62, 2007

8 한국농촌경제연구원, "농업전망" 한국농촌경제연구원 2012

9 박진환, "농업소득을 결정하는 요인분석" 2 : 38-52, 1959

10 권오상, "농업소득, 농외소득, 농가소득의 절대적 수렴과 상대적 수렴" 한국농업경제학회 49 (49): 99-117, 2008

11 강혜정, "농업교육 참여에 따른 농가소득 증가율 추정" 재단법인 한국농촌경제연구원 34 (34): 25-40, 2011

12 김제안, "농가유형별 소득결정요인 분석" 한국산업경제학회 22 (22): 1641-1658, 2009

13 이정환, "농가소득의 결정과 분배" 한국농촌경제연구원 1987

14 김안국, "교육훈련의 경제적 성과 -임금 근로자를 중심으로" 한국노동경제학회 25 (25): 131-160, 2002

15 신동균, "敎育 投資收益率 分析" 한국경제학회 58 (58): 221-254, 2010

16 Jolliffe, D., "Whose education matters in the determination of household income? evidence from a developing country" 50 (50): 287-312, 2002

17 Schultz, T. W., "The value of the ability to deal with disequilibria" 13 (13): 827-846, 1975

18 Durojaiye, B. O., "The value of education in small-scale agriculture : some evidence from Ogun state, Nigeria" 20 (20): 107-115, 1992

19 Taylor, J. E., "The returns from schooling in a diversified rural economy" 82 (82): 287-297, 2000

20 Alene, D. A., "The effects of education on agricultural productivity under traditional and improved technology in northern Nigeria : an endogenous switching regression analysis" 32 (32): 141-159, 2007

21 Pudasaini, S. P., "The effects of education in agriculture : evidence from Nepal" 65 (65): 509-515, 1983

22 Barham, B. L., "The dynamic of agricultural biotechnology adoption : lessons from rBST use in Wisconsin, 1994-2001" 86 (86): 61-72, 2004

23 Foltz, J. D., "The adoption and profitability of rbST on connecticut dairy farms" 84 (84): 1021-1032, 2002

24 최강식, "THE RISING SUPPLY OF COLLEGE GRADUATES AND DECLINING RETURNS FOR YOUNG COHORT: THE CASE OF KOREA" 동서문제연구원 34 (34): 167-180, 2005

25 Mincer, J. A., "Schooling, experience and earnings" National Bureau of Economic Research 1974

26 Psacharopoulos, G., "Returns to investment in education : a further update" The World Bank 2002

27 Schultz, T. W., "Investment in human capital" 51 (51): 1-17, 1961

28 Yang, D. T., "Human capital, entrepreneurship, and farm household earnings" 68 (68): 65-88, 2002

29 Becker, G. S., "Human capital : a theoretical and empirical analysis, with special reference to education" University of Chicago Press 1964

30 정진화, "Farmers’ Education, Technology Adoption and Income：A Case of Eco-Friendly Farming in Korean Farm Households" 한국농업경제학회 49 (49): 71-94, 2008

31 Jamison, D. T., "Farmer education and farm efficiency in Nepal : the role of schooling, extension services, and cognitive skills" 12 (12): 67-86, 1984

32 Jamison, D. T., "Farmer education and farm efficiency" Johns Hopkins University Press 1982

33 Asadullah, M, N., "Farm productivity and efficiency in rural Bangladesh: the role of education revisited" 41 (41): 17-33, 2009

34 Griliches, Z., "Estimating the returns to schooling : some econometric problems" 45 (45): 1-22, 1977

35 Trostel, P., "Estimates of the economic return to schooling for 28 countries" 9 (9): 1-16, 2002

36 Welch, F. R., "Education in production" 78 (78): 35-59, 1970

37 Wu, C. C., "Education in farm production : the case of Taiwan" 59 (59): 699-709, 1977

38 Yang, D. T., "Education and off-farm work" 45 (45): 613-632, 1997

39 Fane, G., "Education and managerial efficiency of farmers" 57 (57): 452-461, 1975

40 Yang, D. T., "Education and allocative efficiency : household income growth during rural reforms in China" 74 (74): 137-162, 2004

41 Satriawan, E., "Does human capital raise farm or nonfarm earning more? new insight from a rural Pakistan household panel" 36 (36): 421-428, 2007

42 Patrick, G. F., "Costs and returns of education in five agricultural area of eastern Brazil" 55 (55): 145-153, 1973

43 Barrett, C. B., "Better technology, better plot, or better farmers? Identifying changes in productivity and risk among Malagasy rice farmers" 86 (86): 869-888, 2004

44 이은우, "<논문> 영농형태별 농가소득 격차요인 분석" 재단법인 한국농촌경제연구원 29 (29): 49-63, 2006