Building components assessment for sustainable and resilient renovation and exemplary application in Daegu, Korea|RISS 상세보기

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Cities worldwide are experiencing increasingly frequent and severe climate extremes, demanding low-carbon, climate-resilient renovation strategies for the built environment. This thesis presents an integrated assessment method to systematically evaluate the multi-criteria performance of building surface renovation materials within complex urban typologies. The method focuses on building surface components and quantifies their potential impacts on flooding, urban heat stress, and global warming using four indicators: Surface Heat Contribution (SHC), Flood Mitigation Factor (FMF), Water Storage Capacity (WSC), and Global Warming Potential (GWP).
The method was exemplarily applied to a low-rise, high-density residential area in Daegu, South Korea. (i) Regarding the mitigation of urban heat, the scenario analysis demonstrates that facade-oriented interventions are significantly more effective than roof modifications. Scenario 2 (optimized metal cladding) reduced mean PET by 4.8 °C and peak PET by 2.1 °C compared to the
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baseline. To balance performance with environmental impact, Scenario 4 (“Feasible Strategy”) achieved thermal improvements comparable to high-performance envelopes while minimizing embodied GWP and structural loads through a selective 50–50 vertical greening approach.
(ii) Regarding the mitigation of pluvial flooding, Scenario 5 (Proactive Adaptation) achieved a 100 % Flood Mitigation Factor (FMF) against 1, 6, and 24 hour 100‑year design rainfall events under optimistic participation (50 %). Under a more realistic 25 % participation rate, FMF remained at 100 % only for 1 hour events but declined to 49.0 % at 6 hours, 28.1 % at 24 hours, and 14.4 % at 48 hours, identifying a “Retention Gap” of up to 404.2 mm during 48‑hour extremes.
To ensure empirical accuracy, SHC outputs were validated against ENVI-met simulations, confirming the reliability of the indicator and demonstrating a calibration pathway for complex urban typologies. The resulting catalog and workflow provide transparent, actionable evidence to help planners and policymakers prioritize urban surface and building envelope retrofits according to specific climate vulnerabilities, offering a consistent and scalable alternative to specialized simulation tools for guiding data-driven transitions toward more livable and resilient urban environments.

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국문 초록 (Abstract)

전 세계 도시들은 점점 더 빈번하고 극심해지는 기후 극한 현상에 직면하고 있으며, 이에 따라 건축 환경을 대상으로 한 저탄소·기후 회복력 레노베이션 전략에 대한 요구가 높아지고 있다. 본 연구는 복잡한 도시 형태를 대상으로, 건축 외피 레노베이션 재료의 다기준 성능을 체계적으로 평가하기 위한 통합 평가 프레임워크를 제시한다. 제안된 프레임워크는 건물의 외벽, 지붕, 포장 등 건축 외피 구성요소에 초점을 두고, 단순화된 전 과정평가(Life Cycle Assessment, LCA)와 물리 기반 식을 바탕으로 도출한 네 가지 지표, 즉 표면열 기여도(Surface Heat Contribution, SHC), 홍수 저감 능력(Flood Mitigation Factor, FMF), 수체저장능(Water Storage Capacity, WSC), 지구온난화잠재력(Global Warming Potential, GWP)을 통해 각 재료의 잠재적 영향을 정량화한다.
이 방법은 한국 대구의 저층·고밀 주거지역에 모범적으로 적용되었다.
(i) 도시 열 완화 측면에서 시나리오 분석 결과, 지붕 개량보다 입면 중심 개입이 훨씬 더 효과적임이 드러났으며, 시나리오 2(최적화된 금속 패널)는 기준선 대비 평균 PET를 4.8 °C, 최대 PET를 2.1 °C 낮추었다. 성능과 환경영향의 균형을 위해, 시나리오 4(실현 가능 전략)는 선택적 “50–50” 수직 녹화 접근을 통해 전과정 GWP와 구조 하중을 최소화하면서도 고성능 외피와 유사한 수준의 열환경 개선 효과를 달성하였다.
(ii) 홍수 완화(수문 회복력) 측면에서 시나리오 5(선제적 적응)는 낙관적 참여율(50 %)을 가정할 때 1시간, 6시간, 24시간 100년 빈도 설계 호우에 대해 FMF 100 %를 달성하였다. 반면, 보다 현실적인 25 % 참여율에서는 FMF가 1시간 이벤트에서만 100 %를 유지하고 6시간에는 49.0 %, 24시간에는 28.1 %, 48시간에는 14.4 %로 감소하여, 48시간 극한 호우에서 최대 404.2 mm에 달하는 “저류 격차(Retention Gap)”가 발생하는 것으로 나타났다.
실증적 정확성을 확보하기 위해, SHC 산출값은 ENVI-met 시뮬레이션과의 비교를 통해 검증되었으며, 이를 통해 지표의 신뢰성을 확인하고 복잡한 도시 형태에 대한 보정 경로를 입증하였다. 본 연구를 통해 구축된 카탈로그와 워크플로는 특정 기후 취약성에 기반하여 도시 표면 및 건물 외피 레노베이션의 우선순위를 결정할 수 있는 투명하고 실행 가능한 근거를 제공하며, 이는 보다 살기 좋고 회복력 있는 도시 환경으로의 데이터 기반 전환을 이끄는 데 있어 전문 시뮬레이션 도구를 보완할 수 있는 일관되고 확장 가능한 대안을 제시한다.

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전 세계 도시들은 점점 더 빈번하고 극심해지는 기후 극한 현상에 직면하고 있으며, 이에 따라 건축 환경을 대상으로 한 저탄소·기후 회복력 레노베이션 전략에 대한 요구가 높아지고 있�...

목차 (Table of Contents)

Chapter 1. INTRODUCTION １
1.1. The Urban Climate Crisis and the Built Environment １
1.2. Limitations of Current Assessment Methods and the Need for Integrated, Scalable Decision-Making Tools ２
1.2.1. Limitations of Current Single-Criteria Assessment ２
1.2.2. The Sub-optimal Outcome of Trade-offs and the Need for Integration ３

Chapter 1. INTRODUCTION １
1.1. The Urban Climate Crisis and the Built Environment １
1.2. Limitations of Current Assessment Methods and the Need for Integrated, Scalable Decision-Making Tools ２
1.2.1. Limitations of Current Single-Criteria Assessment ２
1.2.2. The Sub-optimal Outcome of Trade-offs and the Need for Integration ３
1.3. Research Objectives and Thesis Structure ４
1.4. Case Study Context and Significance ６
1.4.1 Climatic Characteristics of Daegu ６
1.4.2 Physical and Socioeconomic Context ８
Chapter 2. Methodology １０
2.1. Conceptual Framework and Indicators １０
2.2. Definition of Indicators and Hazard-Specific Objectives １２
2.2.1. Surface Heat Contribution (SHC) １２
2.2.2. Flood Mitigation Factor (FMF) １３
2.2.3. Water Storage Capacity (WSC) １４
2.2.4. Global Warming Potential (GWP) １５
2.3. Computation of the Indicators １６
2.3.1. Surface Heat Contribution (SHC) １６
2.3.2. Flood Mitigation Factor (FMF) １９
2.3.3. Water Storage Capacity (WSC) ２２
2.3.4. Global Warming Potential (GWP) ２４
2.4. Development of the Renovation Material Catalog ２８
2.4.1. Purpose and Scope ２８
2.4.2. Baseline Definition and Insulation Standards ２９
2.4.3. Catalog Format Indicator Calculation and Component Coding Structure ２９
2.5. Case Study Area and Building Stock Characteristics ３２
2.5.1. Site Location and Selection Rationale ３２
2.5.2. Building Stock Characteristics ３３
2.5.3. Urban Morphology and Street Canyon Geometry ３４
2.5.4. Representative Construction Details for Baseline Modeling ３５
2.6. ENVI-met Model Setup and Simulation Configuration ３７
2.6.1. Software reliability ３７
2.6.2. Model Domain and Building Configuration ３８
2.6.3 ENVI-met model setup ３９
2.6.4. Output processing ４１
2.7. Calibration of SHC for Low-Rise, High-Density Urban Typology ４３
2.8. Design of Renovation Scenarios ４７
2.8.1. Stage 1: Performance Analysis through Individual Simulations ４７
2.8.2. Stage 2: Integrated and Proactive Renovation Proposals ４８
Chapter 3. Results ５１
3.1. Presentation of the Component Catalog ５１
3.1.1. Wall and facade components ５２
3.1.2. Roof components (flat and tilted) ５３
3.1.3. Ground surfaces components ５４
3.2. Analysis of Material Properties & SHC Validation ５５
3.2.1. Limited Influence of Roof Materials on PET ５６
3.2.2. Discrepancy Between SHC and PET for Facade Materials and Calibration Need ５７
3.3. Performance of Renovation Scenarios ５９
3.3.1. Scenario configurations and catalog assignment ５９
3.3.2. Individual Mitigation Performance (S1S3) ６１
3.3.3. Greening Strategy (S3) ６２
3.3.4. Integrated Feasible Strategy (S4) ６４
3.4 Contribution of Individual Greening Strategies ６４
3.4.1. Greening Effectiveness on Standard Envelopes (S3.1) ６６
3.4.2. Greening Effectiveness on Optimized Envelopes (S3.2) ６６
3.4.3. Strategic Implications for Renovation Planning ６７
3.5. Strategic & Climate-Resilient Proposals for the Low-Rise, High-Density Residential Area ６８
3.5.1. Scenario 4 Feasible, multi-factor renovation strategy ６８
3.5.2. Scenario 5 Climate-change proactive flood-mitigation strategy ７１
Chapter 4. Conclusion ７６
4.1. Summary of Key Findings ７６
4.2. Contributions and Policy/Planning Implications ７９
4.3. Limitations and Directions for Future Research ８０
References ８４
Appendix ８８
<Appendix 1> Facades Component Catalog ８９
<Appendix 2> Roof Component Catalog ９２
<Appendix 3> Infrastructure Component Catalog ９５
<Appendix 4> Material Database ９６