조약우선권제도에 관한 연구

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

It is no exaggeration to say that the modern society is a world of intellectual property in this era of globalization. Due to rapidly changing industrialization and informatization, interests in prior occupation and obtaining of intellectual property rights increase and thus many disputes arise from technological competition. Thus, individuals and companies, recognizing the importance of intellectual property rights, survive in domestic and global competition by preoccupying and securing them and responding positively to technological competition. Especially, remarkable increase in international applications suggests that there is a need to have the knowhow to select efficient methods of international application depending on invention and strategy.
The territorial principle is adopted in each country’s patent system limits the scope of effects of the patent rights obtained by one country to the territory of that country, whereas the economic activities increasingly cross the national borders. Thus, the necessity for applying the same invention to many countries increase, which in turn increase the economic burden of the applicants who need to apply the same invention to many countries in duplication and the inefficiency in each country’s patent office that evaluates those applications.
The right of priority under the Paris Convention aims to protect the status of the first applicant from problems caused by time, distance, restriction of language, differences in legislation, etc. in case an applicant applies the same invention to many counties for international patents. The importance of this system is more emphasized because of the faster pace of technological development in this era. However, the right of priority under the Paris Convention still has the inefficiency in that applicants need to individually apply to many countries despite their equal status as applicants. Thus, this study has reviewed the law and regulations unified internationally and each country’s legislation and investigated the problems relating to the right of priority in order to correct those inefficiencies and seek after the ways to overcome the limitation; and suggested PCT international application as an effective alternative.
International application method using the right of priority was divided into foreign direct application method based on the Paris Convention and PCT international application method based on the Patent Cooperation Treaty (PCT). Based on the related law and regulations, this study, criticizing the inefficiency in having to apply to countries separately for patent registration in case of foreign direct application method, has reached the conclusion that PCT international application has the following advantages: 1) the effect of applying directly to many countries simultaneously, 2) the increasing likelihood of the obtaining of patent because of the opportunity for evaluation and supplement of an invention before the domestic phase by using an international survey and international preliminary screening reports, 3) minimizing the risks from the rejection of the patent application by the previous technology and reducing the cost of initial procedures by predicting the likelihood of the obtaining of patents in the corresponding countries after receiving an international survey or international preliminary screening results, 4) furthermore, being able to secure a sufficient testing period by extending the deadline before the domestic phase through a market research on the commercialization of the same kinds of patented technology by competitors and the development progress of competitors or the feasibility study of the international application; and being able to take prudence in determining the corresponding country.
Furthermore, the study has suggested the plans to generate synergy effect by using PCT international application method in combination with the patent screening highway system enforced in 2007, in case of the needs for the urgent preoccupation or the obtaining of patent rights from abroad.
PCT international application method using the right of priority provides institutional convenience to applicants so that applicants can make application in their language; ensures the cost-effectiveness in case of the application to multiple countries; and provides sufficient time in determining the corresponding countries on the basis of the review of the technical trend, yet is recognized as an intricate and uncommon method. There is a need for further studes on those reasons. Moreover, there is a need to further study realistic and practical plans that will ensure the applicant’s convenience and benefit.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• 제1장 서 론 1
• 제1절 연구의 목적 1
• 제2절 연구의 범위 및 방법 2
• 제2장 특허법상 우선권제도에 관한 일반적 고찰 4
• 제1절 국내우선권 4
• 1. 국내우선권주장의 의의 4
• 2. 국내우선권주장의 제도적 취지 5
• 3. 국내우선권주장의 성립요건 6
• 4. 국내우선권주장의 절차 및 효과 8
• 제2절 조약우선권 10
• 1. 조약우선권주장의 의의 10
• 2. 조약우선권주장의 제도적 취지 12
• 3. 조약우선권주장의 성립요건 12
• 4. 조약우선권주장의 절차 및 효과 15
• 제3절 외국의 입법례 17
• 1. 미국의 일부계속출원제도 및 가출원제도 18
• 2. 영국의 가명세서제도 21
• 3. 일본의 국내우선권제도 22
• 제4절 우선권의 이용형태 및 비교 23
• 1. 우선권의 이용형태 23
• 2. 국내우선권제도와 조약우선권제도와의 비교 23
• 제3장 특허법상 조약우선권제도에 관한 고찰 28
• 제1절 파리협약에서의 우선권제도 28
• 1. 파리협약의 주요내용 28
• 2. 파리협약상의 우선권제도 33
• 제2절 특허협력조약(PCT)에서의 우선권제도 35
• 1. 특허협력조약(PCT)의 주요내용 36
• 2. 특허협력조약(PCT)상의 우선권제도 39
• 제4장 조약우선권제도의 한계 및 활용방안 43
• 제1절 조약우선권제도를 이용한 국제출원의 방법과 한계 43
• 1. 조약우선권제도를 이용한 국제출원의 방법 43
• 2. 조약우선권제도를 이용한 국제출원의 한계 46
• 제2절 조약우선권제도를 이용한 국제출원방법의 절차와 비교 49
• 1. 조약우선권제도를 이용한 국제출원방법의 절차 49
• 2. 조약우선권제도를 이용한 국제출원방법의 비교 53
• 제3절 제도적 개선방안 58
• 1. 특허협력조약(PCT)에 의한 국제출원의 연구 58
• 2. 특허협력조약(PCT)에 의한 국제출원의 활용방법 66
• 제5장 결 론 68
• 참고문헌 71
• Abstract 73