영조대 후반의 탕평정국과 노론 청론의 분화 = The Tangpyeong Situation of the Latter half period of King Yeongjo's reign and the dissensions among the Noron party's Cheongron members

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

During the latter half period of King Yeongjo's reign, the Cheongron/淸論 members of the Noron/老論 party \vere adamant in adhering to the Euri/義理-based principles of the Noron party. But in fact they were divided into certain sub-sect factions which were respectively referred to as Dongdang/東黨, Jungdang/中黨, and Namdang/南黨 factions(with the former two siding together), due to their own differences in approaching issues of how to apply such principles to the functions of the government, where Tangpyeong-based policies were being practiced.
Namdang members argued that the government must be led by members of the Noron party, which was the party of the 'Big persons/君子', instead of being led by persons randomly selected from numerous parties. On the other hand, the Dongdang and Jungdang memders viewed the vassals' party politics very negatively, and supported the idea of selecting officials with evaluations based upon their actions, which was the so-called Euri-Tangpyeong/義理蕩平 practice. Yet King Yeongjo, who had earlier put his own son to death, was intent on protecting the Crown prince(his grandson) by depending on Hong Bong Han's Bukdang party, instead of yielding to the support of the Cheongryu/淸流 members who were very adamant of sticking to the Euri(義理)cause and justice(名分). His own Hwanggeuk/皇極 Tangpyeong policy was essentially negating the Sarim members' discussions, and was only in need of the Bukdang support.
The Noron party's Cheongryu/淸流 members strongly resented this kind of one-sided political handling. Then the Namdang members volunteered to uphold the Cheongron/淸論 discussions. They were sticking to the Euri cause to the extent of discussing not only attacking or punishing Hong Bong Han but also practically killing him, and such adherence earned them enough support to fight the Bukdang faction. But the Dongdang and Jungdang Cheongryu/淸流 members were doubtful, and thought that the Namdang members' attacks upon Hong Bong Ban was somehow related to certain treacherous intentions to rattle the Crown prince's political and personal status. So they argued against both the Namdang and Bukdang members altogether.
All these factions clearly differed in their opinions of the Tangpyeong policy and the relationship between the King and the vassals. The Namdang faction's Cheongryu/淸流 members argued that true Tangpyeong politics should be led under Noron party's Big Persons' monopolistic control over the Euri issue. They also tried to protect the vassals opinions regarding the Euri issue, in the King ＆ vassals' relationship. However, the Dongdang and Jungdang factions' Cheongryu/淸流 members emphasized the importance of the Euri Tangpyeong concept, which was based ulxm more of the individuals' actions than the parties', and considered the King's leading the Euri issues instead of the vassals' to be more appropriate and justified. The Shipa/時派 and Byeokpa/闢派 factions' clashes was merely an extension of the internal differences happening inside the Noron party Cheongron/淸論 members.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• 머리말
• 1. 을해옥사 전후 노론 의리론의 강화와 청론의 분화
• 2. 임오화변 이후 영조의 '황극'탕평과 노론 청론의 대응
• 맺음말