김의정의 모계가족사 소설 연구 : <바람결∼><산마루∼>연작소설을 중심으로 = A Study on the Eui-chung Kim's Mother-centered Family Novel

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This paper is about the characteristics and story-line flow of the novels depicted mother-centered families. I used the series novels of Eui-chung Kim i.e. $quot;바람과 함께 들려오는 시간들$quot;(Time humming with the wind)and $quot;산마루 오르는 시간의 수레$quot;(Time-cart climbing the mountain ridge) as my main text. Astonishingly, Kim described the life of Sam-duk Chun, the wife of high government official in late Chosun dynasty, who could be titled as the first generation of feminism. Also described was the stories of Chun's two sons, who advocated and supported their mother Chun all the way through. Furthermore, the happenings breaking the frame of paternal-centered society occurred consecutively on each four generations, for instance one of the sons bequeathed his property to his daughter-in-law and took her over the role of head of the family to her. I had hardly found the mother-centered family novel in which the families were formed and sustained by the feminist-minded mothers, even among the family-history novel focused on maternal side. Actually, most of the family-history novel rooted on the paternal side.
I read the novels of the mother-centered family history for 60 years from 1896 to 1957 focusing oil following two perspectives; one on the transmissional distortion of feminism, and the other on the troubles followed and caused by the decisions of the mother, Chun. Since the main character Hyun-soo in this autobiography-like novel, witnessed the troubles encountered with Chun's two sons, those were expressed more vividly than Chun first generation's, which had been done very superficially i.e. husband's bringing in a concubine.
The younger son suffered from the caution that cutting-off the relationship with the ancestors meant the disloyalty, meanwhile the elder son didn't feel so painful by accepting mother's religious belief. This disloyalty complex hindered him to make more intimate relation with his mother, even though he changed his permanent address following his mother as well as poured financial support to her. Eventually, however, he returned to his mother as he realized the nature of human from his skepticism over his destiny caused by his social ordeals.
The ideal of feminism and equality contributed to improvement of women' s social position as it reinforced its founding through second and third generations. But Byung-hwa Park in third generation threw herself in the dream of comfort home due to her background rather than implemented the revolutionary feminism like Chun in first generation. Henceforth, she endured all the hardships under the traditional despotic-minded husband. She was depicted as the manifestation of great maternity, like Goddess of the Earth. Park passed away at the age of 49 by her chronic disease, which deteriorated by the bankruptcy of her husband. It is more appropriate to define her as passive and unsuccessful woman rather than 'the great woman and mother' as the author complimented through Hyun-soo's words.
The characteristics of mother-centered family novels in general are as belows;
1)Written in dialogue
2)Retrospective structure
3)Very complicated plots that needs decoding-like process to follow with i. e. more than 40 turn-overs of time flow in the novel treated in this paper
4)Description of silence and absence, the main characteristics of 'rational writings'
5)The style was, so to speak, based on $quot;poetry of yearning$quot;, because of the old age of authors.
Specifically, the characteristics appeared in the flow of mother-centered novels are as follows;
1)Social changes and one's destiny were very likely cross-influential
2)Conflicts between sexes played a main role while father-son conflict usually took over the same role in father-centered novels
3)Inheritance didn't cause serious problems. Each generations were willing to accept and reconcile with one's match rather than producing troubles
4)Traditional concept of filial piety were overturned.
5)Very women-oriented and/or women-initiated
6)The blood relationship was not a precondition of family-succession. Writers often laid an underplot leveraging that kind of succeeding situation.
7)Since religious belief provided the ideological foundation, the idea of feminism overcame its intrinsic come-and-go nature, and succeeded and lasted in positive way over the generations followed.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• I.서언-모계가족사의 등장
• II.인물과 갈등구조
• 1.남녀평등의식을 수용한 승지부인:1대 전삼덕
• 2.전통과 개혁, 효의 두 가지 양상:2대 김진수 형제
• 3.실패한 그레이트 우먼:3대 박병화
• III.모계 가족사소설의 특성과 그 전개
• IV.결어