菜蔬의 密植栽培의 生理學的 硏究(Ⅰ) : 토마토 Tomato = Physiological Studies on the High Density Cultivation of Vegetable Crops(Ⅰ)

국문 초록 (Abstract)

(1) 토마토는 照度가 낮아지면 生長 및 果實肥大가 減少하는데 22%만 減少시켜도 그 영향이 크게 나타났다.
(2) 植物體內의 窒素含量을 보면 礫耕栽培에서는 照度가 낮을수록 含量이 많고 肥料濃度가 높을수록 그 경향이 심한데 비하여 圃場栽培에서는 照度가 높을수록 栽植株數가 적을수록 또한 施肥量이 많을수록 窒素含量이 많은 것으로 보아 密植栽培時는 充分한 施肥가 要함을 알 수 있었다.
(3) 토마토의 光飽和點은 50KLux 였고 20KLux 이하가 되면 그 감소의 경향이 극히 심하였다.
(4) 單位面積當의 花房數를 같게 한 4, 3, 2, 1段 栽培에서 葉面積 및 葉面積指數는 1>2>3>4段의 순서였고, 잎의 地表 엄폐율은 1>2>3>4段의 순서로서 1段 栽培가 同化度를 높이는데 가장 효과적이었다.
(5) 葉位別 調度에서 大部分 5∼6葉位 以下는 上部의 15% 以下가 되어 同化에 큰 도움이 안 되었다.
(6) 토마토는 單位面積當의 花房數를 같게 한다면 早期收量, 總收量 다 함께 1段栽培>2段栽培>3段 栽培>4段 栽培>의 순서로 1段 栽培가 가장 效果的이었다.
(7) 1段栽培時의 栽植本數는 3.3m²당 32株가 가장 有利하엿다.
(8) 肥料水準에 따른 1段栽培時의 수확량은 多肥>中肥>少肥의 순서로서 密植時는 根部에서의 肥料吸收에 競合이 심하므로 增肥의 效果가 크다.

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The study was carried out to find out the physiological basic information on high density culture of tomato, gravel culture and field house culture of tomato were carried out.
The results were obtained as follows.
1. The growth fruit development of tomato was reduced as light intensity decreased. Decrease in light intensity by 21% only reduced the growth and fruit development of tomato greatly.
2. Nitrogen content in plant tissue was decreased as light intensity in gravel culture, especially when concent ration of fertilizer was high. In field house culture, the nitrogen content was increased as light intensity increased, and as planting density decreased, and as amount of fertilizer increased. This implied that high density culture require high level of fertilizer.
3. Light saturation point of tomato was appeared at 50,000Lux. Below 20,000Lux the reduction in growth was apparent.
4. When the number of flower cluster per area was same, leaf area index, and covering percentage were in order of one, two, three, four flower cluster from highest to lowest. One cluster cultivation was most effective in photosynthesis.
5. Because the ligh intensity at 5th and 6th leaf position was below 15% of light intensity at the top, the leaves were not effective in synthesis. In case flower cluster per area were same, both earliness and total yield were in order of one, two, three and four cluster cultivation from most effective to least.
6. In one cluster cultivation most effective of tomato plants per 3.3㎡ was 32 stocks.
7. In one-cluster cultivation the fertilizer was effective on fruit development especially in high density because of the absorption of fertilizer was in compitition in root system.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• Ⅰ.緖 言
• Ⅱ.材料 및 方法
• Ⅲ.結果 및 考察
• Ⅳ.摘 要
• 參考文獻
• Summary