Geographic information : organization, access, and use

목차 (Table of Contents)

• CONTENTS
• 1 Introduction = 1
• 1.1 Introduction = 1
• 1.2 Geographic Information and the Data Deluge = 2
• 1.2.1 Geographic Information Policy = 4
• 1.2.2 The Data Lifecycle = 5
• 1.2.3 The GI Industry and Education = 6
• 1.3 Book Organization = 7
• References = 8
• 2 Geographic Information, Maps, and GIS = 11
• 2.1 Introduction = 11
• 2.2 A Constellation of Maps = 12
• 2.2.1 Scale = 13
• 2.3 Map Functions = 15
• 2.3.1 Reference Maps = 15
• 2.3.2 Thematic Maps = 16
• 2.3.3 Charts = 17
• 2.4 Space and Place = 19
• 2.5 An Abbreviated History of GIS = 22
• References = 25
• 3 0° : A Primer on Geographic Representation = 27
• 3.1 Digital Representation = 27
• 3.2 Geographic Representation = 28
• 3.2.1 Vector = 30
• 3.2.2 Raster = 33
• 3.3 Geodesy = 34
• 3.3.1 The Graticule = 36
• 3.3.2 The Graticule and Distance = 37
• 3.3.3 The Graticule and Direction = 38
• 3.3.4 The Graticule and Area = 39
• 3.4 Map Projections = 41
• 3.4.1 Projection Properties = 41
• 3.4.2 Geometric Distortions = 42
• 3.4.3 Projection Surfaces = 43
• 3.4.4 Popular Projections and When to Use Them = 44
• 3.5 Georeferencing = 46
• 3.5.1 Placenames = 47
• 3.5.2 Postal Addresses = 49
• 3.6 Conclusion = 51
• References = 51
• 4 Policy = 53
• 4.1 Introduction = 53
• 4.1.1 Information Policy = 54
• 4.1.2 The U.S. Broadband Policy Example = 56
• 4.2 Spatial Data Infrastructure(SDI) = 57
• 4.2.1 Value = 60
• 4.2.2 Users and Communities = 62
• 4.3 Background of U.S. GI Policy = 63
• 4.3.1 Building a Digital Earth = 64
• 4.3.2 A Clear Framework = 67
• 4.3.3 A Framed Clearinghouse = 69
• 4.3.4 Open Government = 70
• 4.4 SDI Considerations for Pricing, Privacy, and Security Moving Forward = 71
• 4.5 Conclusion = 74
• References = 74
• 5 Metadata = 79
• 5.1 Metadata Are = 79
• 5.1.1 Metadata Value = 82
• 5.1.2 Metadata Creation = 86
• 5.1.3 A Conceptual Model for GI Representation = 88
• 5.2 Knowledge Organization Concepts and Tools = 92
• 5.2.1 Authority Control and Vocabulary Control = 93
• 5.2.2 Classification Systems = 94
• 5.3 Schemas, Profiles, and Standards = 95
• 5.3.1 One Standard and One Profile = 96
• 5.3.2 Cataloging of Non-Digital (Hardcopy) Cartographic Resources = 99
• 5.4 Conclusion = 100
• References = 101
• 6 Geoweb = 105
• 6.1 Everywhere, Anyplace = 105
• 6.2 Geoweb = 107
• 6.2.1 Organizing Information Geospatially = 108
• 6.2.2 Organizing GI = 111
• 6.3 Implications = 113
• 6.3.1 Accessibility = 114
• 6.3.2 Usability = 116
• 6.4 Geocyberinfrastructure = 117
• 6.5 Conclusion = 119
• References = 120
• 7 Discovery and Fitness for Use = 125
• 7.1 Geographic Information Discovery = 125
• 7.2 Public Domain Data and the National Geospatial Data Asset(NGDA) Themes = 127
• 7.2.1 Biodiversity and Ecosystems = 128
• 7.2.2 Cadastre = 129
• 7.2.3 Climate and Weather = 129
• 7.2.4 Cultural Resources = 130
• 7.2.5 Elevation = 130
• 7.2.6 Geodetic Control = 131
• 7.2.7 Geology = 131
• 7.2.8 Government Units, and Administrative and Statistical Boundaries = 131
• 7.2.9 Imagery = 132
• 7.2.10 Land Use-Land Cover = 132
• 7.2.11 Real Property = 132
• 7.2.12 Soils = 133
• 7.2.13 Transportation = 133
• 7.2.14 Utilities = 133
• 7.2.15 Water-Inland = 134
• 7.2.16 Water-Oceans and Coasts = 134
• 7.2.17 Summary = 134
• 7.3 Enhanced Data Discovery = 135
• 7.3.1 Here (Navtech) Streets = 137
• 7.3.2 Pitney Bowes GeoEnrichment = 137
• 7.3.3 Telecommunications Data = 137
• 7.3.4 Business Data = 138
• 7.4 Fitness for Use = 139
• 7.4.1 Fitness for Use : The National Broadband Map = 140
• 7.5 Conclusion = 143
• References = 144
• 8 Meeting Information Needs = 147
• 8.1 Original, Often-Ambiguous Queries = 147
• 8.2 GI Seeking Behavior = 149
• 8.2.1 Reference Scenario = 150
• 8.2.2 Instruction Scenario = 153
• 8.2.3 Information Guide Creation Scenario = 155
• 8.2.4 The Need for a Theoretical Framework of GI Access and Use = 157
• 8.3 Using GI = 158
• 8.3.1 Free and Open Source = 159
• 8.3.2 Proprietary Software = 160
• 8.3.3 GIS Site License Administration = 162
• 8.4 Conclusion = 165
• References = 166
• 9 Data Lifecycle = 169
• 9.1 Introduction = 169
• 9.2 Digital Curation = 170
• 9.2.1 Data Lifecycle Model = 172
• 9.2.2 Data Curation Profiles = 175
• 9.3 Institutional Repositories and Spatial Data Catalogs = 177
• 9.4 Collection Development and Maintenance = 179
• 9.4.1 Collection Development = 180
• 9.4.2 Collection Maintenance = 182
• 9.5 Conclusion = 183
• References = 184
• 10 Education = 187
• 10.1 Geoservices Education = 187
• 10.2 Historical Background of GI Creation and Curation = 190
• 10.2.1 The Curator = 190
• 10.2.2 The Geographer = 194
• 10.3 Geographic Information Librarianship = 198
• 10.3.1 The Geographic Information Librarianship Project = 200
• 10.4 Evidence-based Geoservices Education = 205
• 10.4.1 Developing a Curriculum(DACUM) and K-12 Outreach = 205
• 10.5 Conclusion = 207
• References = 207
• Index = 213