人爲同質四倍體 무우에 對한 細胞學的硏究 = Cytological Studies on Tetraploid Radishes Induced by Colchicine Treatment

국문 초록 (Abstract)

무우의 몇가지 主要品種으로부터 育成된 有用形質을 갖인 同質四培體를 效果的으로 維持 增殖하는데에 必要한 基礎資料를 얻고저 細胞學的인 硏究를 하였다.
(1) 減數第1分裂 및 第2分裂中期에 있어서 染色體가 正常接合(18Ⅱ) 및 正常分布(18-18)를 하는 細胞의 出現率은 各各 16.23~24.49% 및 40.32~70,00%로서 品種間 差異가 認定되었으며 減數第1分裂中期에 比하여 第2分裂中期에서의 細胞學的인 正常度는 顯著히 높았다.
(2) 減數第1分裂中期에서 一價染色體를 全혀 갖이지 않은 細胞의 出現率은 47,74~53.33%그리고 1個의 一價染色體를 갖인 細胞의 出現率은 36.73~44.44%였는데 대해서 2個 및 3個의 一價染色體를 갖인 細胞의 出現率은 각각 2.22~10.53% 및 2.33~6.12%로서 激減되었다.
(3) 減數第2分裂中期에서 遲滯染色體를 全혀 갖이지 않은 細胞의 出現率은 62.79~86.54%인대 대해서 1個 및 2個의 遲滯染色體를 갖인 細胞의 出現率은 각각 7.69~23.26% 및 3.85~5.46%로서 顯著히 減少되었으며 3個의 遲滯染色體를 갖인 細胞는 極히 稀少하였나.
(4) 花粉稔性을 調査한 結果은 Rapid red와 美濃早生品種의 四培體가 각각 92.39% 및 91.02%로서 가장 높았고 宮重總太品種의 四培體가 가장 낮았는데 이와같은 花粉稔性의 品種間差異는 開花自家受粉에 依한 種實稔性의 品種間差異에 있어서도 同一한 傾向을 나타내었다.
(5) 뿐만 아니라 花粉 및 種實稔性이 높았던 品種의 四體는 減數分裂過程에 있어서 各種 異常分裂現象이 적었든것으로 보아, 配遇子形成過程에서의 細胞學的인 正常度는 花粉 및 種實稔性과 密接한 關係가 있다고 믿어진다.

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Cytological studyes were performed in order to get the basic informations for the most effective maintaining method and production of some varieties in autotetraploid radishes with valuable characters. The results obtained may be summarized as follows:
1) In M-Ⅰ and M-Ⅱ, the cells showing normal conjugation(18Ⅱ) and arrangement(18-18) was appeared 16.23% to 24.49% and 40.32% to 74.00% respectively. Accordingly there were shown the varietal difference and normality of cell division seemed to be appeared in M-Ⅱ than in M-Ⅰ.
2) The appearance per cent of cell without any univalent chromosome in M-Ⅰ was 36.73% to 44.44%. In case of possesing two or three univalent chromosomes, it's appearance was so decereased as appearance rate of 2.22% to 10.53% and 2.33% to 6.12% of respectively.
3) The cells without lagging chromosomes in M-Ⅱ were 62.79% to 86.54%, and 7.69% to 23.26% and 3.85% to 5.46% in case of having 1 or 2 laggards were observed respectively. The cell of 3 laggards was most rarely observed.
4) The highest pollen fertility was shown in tetraploid of Rapid red(92.3%) and Minowase(91.01%), and lowest was Miyashike with 85.81%. The similar tendency was observed in seed-setting per cent.
5) It was beleaved to have relatively relations between the normality of cell divisions in gametogenesis and the fertility of pollen and seed-setting since the lower appearance degree of abnormal cell division was appeared in tetraplody varieties which had the higher fertility of pollen and seed-setting.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• Ⅰ. 緖言
• Ⅱ. 材料 및 方法
• Ⅲ. 結果 및 考察
• Ⅳ. 摘要
• Ⅴ. 引用文獻