Technical and vocational education in China

목차 (Table of Contents)

• CONTENTS
• 1 An Introduction to Technical and Vocational Education in China = 1
• 1.1 History of Technical and Vocational Education in China = 1
• 1.1.1 Technical and Vocational Education Before the Founding of the People's Republic of China = 1
• 1.1.2 Technical and Vocational Education After the Founding of the Peoples' Republic of China = 3
• 1.2 Technical and Vocational Education in the Mainland China = 7
• 1.2.1 Current Situation of Technical and Vocational Education = 8
• 1.2.2 Characteristics of Technical and Vocational Education = 14
• 1.2.3 Problems with the Development of Technical and Vocational Education = 18
• 1.2.4 Reform Tendency of Technical and Vocational Education = 19
• 1.2.5 Policies and Measures Promoting Technical and Vocational Education = 23
• 1.3 Technical and Vocational Education in Hong Kong, China = 24
• 1.3.1 Current Situation of Technical and Vocational Education = 24
• 1.3.2 Characteristics of Technical and Vocational Education = 31
• 1.4 Technical and Vocational Education in Macao, China = 33
• 1.4.1 Current Situation of Technical and Vocational Education = 33
• 1.4.2 Characteristics of Macao's Technical and Vocational Education from the Year 2010 = 37
• 1.4.3 Problems with Technical and Vocational Education = 38
• 1.5 Technical and Vocational Education in Taiwan, China = 40
• 1.5.1 Current Situation of Technical and Vocational Education = 40
• 1.5.2 Reform of Technical and Vocational Education = 42
• 2 Vocational Training and Employment = 45
• 2.1 Forms of Employment Transition = 45
• 2.1.1 History of Vocational Guidance = 46
• 2.1.2 Process of Vocational Guidance = 47
• 2.1.3 Ways and Methods of Vocational Guidance = 48
• 2.2 Training and Employment Market = 51
• 2.2.1 Approaches and Policies of Employment = 51
• 2.2.2 Policies of Employment = 51
• 2.2.3 Current Situation of Labor Employment = 53
• 2.2.4 Tracking Surveys and Services to Graduates = 56
• 2.2.5 Developing Tendency of Vocational Training and Employment = 58
• 3 Curriculum of Technical and Vocational Education = 61
• 3.1 The Meaning and Characteristics of Technical and Vocational Education Curriculum = 61
• 3.1.1 The Meaning of Technical and Vocational Education Curriculum = 61
• 3.1.2 Characteristics of Technical and Vocational Education Curriculum = 62
• 3.2 Setup Orientation of Technical and Vocational Education Curriculum = 63
• 3.2.1 Setup Ideas of Curriculum = 63
• 3.2.2 Setup Goals of Curriculum = 64
• 3.2.3 Framework of Curriculum = 65
• 3.3 Types of Technical and Vocational Education Curriculum = 67
• 3.3.1 Knowledge-Based Curriculum = 67
• 3.3.2 Competence-Based Curriculum = 70
• 3.4 Development of Technical and Vocational Education Curriculum = 72
• 3.4.1 Principles of Curriculum Development = 72
• 3.4.2 Process of Curriculum Development = 74
• 3.4.3 Main Models of Curriculum Development = 77
• 3.5 Reform of Technical and Vocational Education Curriculum = 81
• 3.5.1 Context of Curriculum Reform = 82
• 3.5.2 Contents of Curriculum Reform = 84
• 3.5.3 Tendency of Curriculum Reform = 87
• 3.5.4 The Case of Curriculum Reform-Analysis of Reform of Secondary Technical and Vocational Education in Zhejiang Province = 89
• 4 Specialty Setup of Technical and Vocational Education = 97
• 4.1 Several Conceptions About Specialty Setup of Chinese Vocational Schools = 98
• 4.1.1 Specialty Setup = 98
• 4.1.2 Specialty Catalog = 99
• 4.2 Fundamental Basis of Specialty Setup of Chinese Technical and Vocational Education = 103
• 4.2.1 Training Objectives of Technical and Vocational Education = 103
• 4.2.2 Demands of Society for Occupations (Professional Post Group) = 105
• 4.2.3 Adjustment of Industrial Structure and Advancement of Science and Technology = 107
• 4.2.4 Establishment of Characteristic and Competitive Specialties = 108
• 4.3 Characteristics of Specialty Setup of Technical and Vocational Education = 109
• 4.3.1 Expansion of Specialty Scale = 109
• 4.3.2 Adjustment of Specialty Structure = 110
• 4.3.3 Flexibility of Specialty Setup = 112
• 4.3.4 Update of Specialty Name = 115
• 4.3.5 Wide Connotation of Specialty = 116
• 4.3.6 Normative Management of Specialty Setup = 116
• 4.4 Current Situation of Specialty Setup of Technical and Vocational Education = 117
• 4.4.1 Current Situation of Specialty Setup of Higher Technical and Vocational Education = 117
• 4.4.2 Current Situation of Specialty Setup of Secondary Vocational Education = 117
• 4.5 Administrative Document of Specialty Setup of Chinese Technical and Vocational Education = 169
• 4.5.1 Administrative Measures of Specialty Setup of General Colleges, Higher Technical and Vocational Institutes = 169
• 4.5.2 Principles and Suggestions on Specialty Setup of Secondary Vocational Schools = 171
• 5 Teaching in Technical and Vocational Education = 175
• 5.1 Teaching Modes of Technical and Vocational Education = 175
• 5.1.1 A Brief Introduction = 175
• 5.1.2 Some Common Teaching Modes = 177
• 5.2 Teaching Methods of Technical and Vocational Education = 183
• 5.2.1 A Brief Introduction = 183
• 5.2.2 Some Common Teaching Methods = 187
• 5.3 Teaching Organization Forms of Technical and Vocational Education = 195
• 5.3.1 A Brief Introduction = 195
• 5.3.2 Some Common Forms of Teaching Organization = 196
• 5.4 Characteristics of Teaching of Technical and Vocational Education = 199
• 5.4.1 Clear Vocation-Orientation = 199
• 5.4.2 Behavior-Oriented Teaching Process = 200
• 5.4.3 Integration of Theory and Practice = 201
• 5.4.4 Cooperation of All Participants During the Teaching Process = 203
• 6 Teachers of Technical and Vocational Education = 205
• 6.1 Current Situation of Technical and Vocational Education Teaching Faculty = 205
• 6.1.1 Structure of Teaching Faculty = 205
• 6.1.2 Cultivating and Training System of Teaching Faculty = 209
• 6.1.3 Management of Teaching Faculty = 213
• 6.1.4 Problems with Teaching Faculty Construction = 217
• 6.2 Traits and Requirements of Technical and Vocational Education Teaching Faculty = 219
• 6.2.1 Traits of Teaching Faculty = 219
• 6.2.2 Requirements of Teaching Faculty = 224
• 6.3 Professional Development of Technical and Vocational Education Teaching Faculty = 230
• 6.3.1 Professionalism of Teaching Faculty = 230
• 6.3.2 Reflection on Professional Development of Teaching Faculty = 234
• 7 Management of Technical and Vocational Education = 241
• 7.1 Management System of Technical and Vocational Education = 241
• 7.1.1 History of Management System = 241
• 7.1.2 Current Situation of Management System = 245
• 7.2 School Management of Technical and Vocational Education = 248
• 7.2.1 Management System of Vocational Schools = 248
• 7.2.2 Management Mode of Vocational Schools = 253
• 7.3 Teacher Management of Technical and Vocational Education = 258
• 7.3.1 Source of Vocational School Teachers = 259
• 7.3.2 Appointment and Evaluation of Vocational School Teachers = 261
• 7.4 Other Management of Technical and Vocational Educationin China = 264
• 7.4.1 Major Management and Curriculum Provision = 264
• 7.4.2 Teaching and Training Management = 265
• 7.4.3 Textbook Management = 266
• 7.5 Thinking for Improving Technical and Vocational Education Management = 267
• 7.5.1 Improving the Macro-Management of Technical and Vocational Education = 267
• 7.5.2 Improving the Micro-Management of Technical and Vocational Education = 271
• 8 Transformation of Technical and Vocational Education : From Quantity Expansion to Quality Improvement = 277
• 8.1 Factors Pushing the Transformation Progress = 277
• 8.1.1 The Needs of Self-development and Sustainable Development = 278
• 8.1.2 The Needs of Economic Development = 279
• 8.2 Policies to Improve the Quality of Technical and Vocational Education = 279
• 8.2.1 Increasing the Educational Vitality = 279
• 8.2.2 Enhancing Teaching and Training Efficiency = 281
• 8.2.3 Improving Management and Evaluation = 283
• 8.2.4 Completing External Guarantee Mechanism = 284
• 8.3 Cases of Transformation of Technical and Vocational Education = 287
• 8.3.1 Cases of Increasing the Educational Vitality = 287
• 8.3.2 Cases of Enhancing Teaching and Training Efficiency = 289
• 8.3.3 Cases of Measures to Improve Management and Evaluation = 291
• 8.3.4 Cases of Completing External Guarantee Mechanism = 292
• 8.4 Construction of Modem Apprenticeship as a Supplement to the School Based Technical and Vocational Education System = 294
• 8.4.1 Institutional Barriers to Skilled Personnel Training = 294
• 8.4.2 Problems in School-Enterprise Cooperation = 296
• 8.4.3 Modem Apprenticeship : A Supplement to the Vocational Education System = 296
• 8.4.4 Pending Issues to Be Solved = 298
• 8.5 Achievements in Technical and Vocational Education Attained in the Past Five Years = 299
• Summary = 301
• References = 303