The purpose of this study was to analyze the effectiveness of disaster safety education for 7-year-old children according to the method of experience. This study was conducted to compare the difference in education satisfaction, knowledge acquisition,...
The purpose of this study was to analyze the effectiveness of disaster safety education for 7-year-old children according to the method of experience. This study was conducted to compare the difference in education satisfaction, knowledge acquisition, and evacuation behavior according to the four experience methods, and to derive the best education method and provide the best education method that suits the environment of the learners.
This study was conducted on a total of 160 7-year-old boys (46.9%) and girls (53.1%) in public kindergartens in Songpa-gu, Seoul. The questionnaire was measured through individual interviews and behavioral observations. Jamovi (The jamovi project) 2.3.21 statistical program was used for the analysis, and frequency and average of each group were checked by technical statistics. To verify the reliability of the satisfaction questionnaire, reliability analysis using Cronbach's coefficient was conducted to measure the internal consistency of the items. In addition, one-way ANOVA was conducted to analyze the difference in education satisfaction, disaster safety knowledge acquisition, and evacuation behavior of the four groups, and Tukey's test was conducted for post-test.
Four comparison groups (online-evacuation behavior practice experience group, online-evacuation behavior video observation experience group, offline-evacuation simulation experience group, offline-evacuation simulation video observation experience group) were designed to conduct the experimental study, and the following conclusions were drawn through the study.
First, by comparing the effect of the experience method on disaster safety education for 7-year-old children, it can be confirmed that the group that experienced the behavior practice (online-evacuation behavior practice & offline-evacuation simulation) was more effective than the group that observed the video (evacuation behavior video observation & evacuation simulation video observation). There was no statistical difference in satisfaction, knowledge acquisition, and behavior change between the online-evacuation behavior practice group and the offline-evacuation simulation environment in the behavior practice
experience.
In the case of the video observation experience group, there was no significant difference in satisfaction and knowledge acquisition between the group that observed the video only for the evacuation behavior on the online and the group that observed the video presented with the evacuation situation on the offline, but there was a statistically significant difference in behavior change.
Second, when we look at the satisfaction, knowledge acquisition, and behavioral change according to the education environment (online, offline), there was no difference between online and offline environments. However, the group that observed the evacuation behavior in the simulation situation provided offline showed only higher achievement in behavior change than the group that observed only the evacuation behavior provided online. However, these differences are interpreted as the differences in the experiences of vicarious reinforcement and extinction that could be experienced in the offline disaster situation simulation environment, as explained earlier, and the fact that the experience of vicarious reinforcement and extinction could not be experienced in the case of observing only the simple evacuation behavior practice provided online.
The reason why the difference between online and offline environments did not affect is because the group that experienced the behavior experience in the online environment showed significantly higher achievement in satisfaction, knowledge acquisition, and behavior change than the group that observed the simulation evacuation behavior in the offline environment. In other words, it can be confirmed that the presence or absence of behavior practice is an important variable rather than the difference between online and offline environments.