범죄정보 언론보도의 형사법적 의미와 한계 = The Criminal Law Implications and Boundaries of Crime Reporting in the Media

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The Constitution of our country explicitly affirms the public’s right to know about crimes occurring in society. This right serves to inform citizens about violations of social norms, the nature of such violations, and the legal measures undertaken in response. Furthermore, it plays a role in providing information essential for forming social policies to address these issues. In certain cases, this may include details about individuals involved in criminal cases, as such information is sometimes deemed necessary for reporting on crimes. However, this raises concerns about potential infringements on other fundamental rights.
The dissemination of criminal facts often extends beyond predictable impacts on an unspecified audience. Moreover, there are limited means to verify the truth of these reports. When unverified information, disclosed unilaterally by investigative authorities, is communicated to the public without any filtration, it may eventually be perceived as established fact.
It is undeniable that the state has a responsibility to protect citizens’ right to know about criminal cases and ensure public safety against future crimes. However, an excessive expansion of this right could neglect the protection of suspects, who are entitled to the presumption of innocence. Until a final verdict of guilt is reached, suspects have the right to undergo investigations privately and must not be prematurely judged as guilty. As members of society, their rights must also be safeguarded.
To better understand and address the relationship between these conflicting interests, this discussion explores whether the principle of confidentiality in investigations should be set aside to fulfill the public’s right to know and, if so, under what specific conditions such disclosure would be justified. Furthermore, it examines the effectiveness and value of the crime of "public disclosure of investigative facts," especially in instances like the current controversial case, where investigative reports were leaked to journalists without satisfying the prerequisites for such disclosures.

참고문헌 (Reference)

1 성낙인, "헌법학" 법문사 2020

2 문재완, "피의사실공표죄의 헌법적 검토" 20 (20): 2014

3 한상훈, "피의사실공표죄의 문제점과 개선방안" 32 (32): 2021

4 김봉수, "피의사실공표죄의 규범적 한계에 관한 고찰: 형법제126조의 사문화 현상에 대한 원인분석과 해결방안을 중심으로" 9 (9): 2011

5 이성기, "피의사실공표죄에 관한 연구" 19 (19): 2021

6 김재윤, "피의사실 공표죄 관련 법적 쟁점 고찰" 30 (30): 2010

7 이진국, "언론보도와 형사법적 무제점" 형사정책연구원 2002

8 신동운, "신형사소송법" 법문사 2014

9 김해원, "시본권심사에서 심사기준의 분별과 중첩의 문제" (48) : 2019

10 안수길, "수사사건 공개 법규를 둘러싼 독일의 해석론과 입법론" 45 (45): 2021

11 허황, "수사단계에서의 피의자 얼굴 등 신상정보의 공개와 관련된 형사법적 · 헌법적 문제" 9 (9): 2017

12 한상훈 ; 오채은, "수사기관의 피의사실 공표, 유출 방지를 위한 입법적 개선방안" 34 (34): 2024

13 김태홍, "수사기관의 언론에 대한 범죄정보제공의 제한" (61) : 2021

14 김학범 ; 김현수, "수사기관의 범죄사실 공개와 개인정보보호" (57) : 2014

15 김정현, "범죄사건 언론보도의 한계에 관한 비교법적 고찰" 21 (21): 2019

16 문재완, "범죄보도와 무죄추정원칙" 19 (19): 2020

17 이동훈, "범죄 보도와 표현의 자유" 21 (21): 2020

18 정한중, "미국에서의 범죄보도의 자유와 공정한 형사절차" 24 (24): 2013

19 김정한, "무죄추정 원칙의 적용 범위에 관한 소고" 17 (17): 2006

20 강동욱, "국민의 알 권리의 요청에 따른 형사재판중계의 허용에 관한 법정책적 검토" 23 (23): 2017

21 하민경, "각국 법원모욕의 제재 방식에 관한 연구" 사법정책연구원 2015

22 Roxin, "Strafrechtliche und strafprozessuale Probleme der Vorverurteilung" 1991

23 Thomas Weigend, "Assuming The Defendant Is Not Guilty: The Presumption Of Innocence In German System of Criminal Justice" 8 :