물고기, 어업 기술, 민족 관습: 식민지기 어업 경제 구조에 대한 경제인류학적 연구 = Fish, Fishery Technology, and Ethnic Customs: Economic Anthropological Analysis of Fishery Structure during the Colonial Period

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This article aims firstly to reveal the differences between fishery technologies of Joseon and Japan in the late 19th century, and examine the extent to which such differences were based on customs and ethnic preferences for particular fishes. This article clarifies that such preferences and customs were historically built in the longterm and analyzes the impact of the differences upon the development progress of the Joseon fishery (and technology) during the colonial period. The seafood trade between Joseon and Japan was triggered by Japanese fishermen who caught the fishes in Korean seas to smuggle to Japanese fish markets or to sell Korean on-board dealers. It eventually expanded in step with the expansion of Japanese imperialism. The second section of this article reveals that Japanese fishermen were able to detect the technological differences between Japanese and Korean fisheries, and clarifies that such dissimilarities originated in ethnic preferences for particular fishes. The third section demonstrates that examples such as pagrusmajor (‘cham-domi’in Korean, ‘matai’in Japanese), are indicative of the different preferences of two ethnic groups, related not to natural environments and economic development levels, but to symbolic meanings of fishes and each society’s historical formation. The customs and preferences for particular fishes were both the practices that have consistently been formed despite long-term social changes, and ‘cultural facts’that implies historical specificity of each country. The fourth section reinterprets the development process of Korean fishery during the colonial period from the perspective of economic anthropology, by showing the fact that customs and ethnic preferences for particular fishes oriented economic behaviors and structures of each country.