실리카겔 및 제올라이트가 담지된 허니컴 제습로터의 제조 및 특성평가 = Preparation of honeycomb adsorbent using silical gel and zeolite for dehumidification and its adsorption characteristics

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The need of quality control in manufacturing the important of humidity control. The most efficient method was found to be honeycomb rotary type dehumidification process. This process uses desiccant rotor for removing water vapor where adsorption zone and desorption zone were separated by sealing material. The water vapor in outdoor moist air is adsorbed to desiccant rotor during flow through adsorption zone. Then desorption zone will be heated for regeneration.
The choice of desiccant rotor is the important factor influencing the performance of rotary dehumidification system and it should be chosen according to the characteristics of the target environment. Because these honeycomb rotors are operated high temperature, ceramic fiber was used to form 0.2mm thick ceramic fiber paper which were formed honeycomb. Zeolite or silica gel was impregnated into ceramic sheet by impregnation as desiccant.
In this study, the moisture in air was removed by way of rotary dehumidifier, which used the honeycomb type desiccant rotor, and the dehumidifier manufactured and its characteristics were investigated.
First, silica gel and zeolite adsorbent for water adsorption experiments were prepared. In addition condition, 30℃, 50%RH, silica gel powder showed 21.67wt%, and 5A zeolite powder showed 8.77wt% adsorption of water vapor.
As desiccant, silica gel powder and 5A zeolite powder of 8g, 12g, 16g were added to ceramic fiber paper and its water adsorption rate was evaluated. 8g added silica gel ceramic fiber paper was prepared, water adsorption rate was 12wt%, at 30℃, 50%RH. when the humidity was lowered than 50%RH water vapor adsorption rate decreased. When humidity was increased over 50%RH when water vapor adsorption rate increased. In addition, 8g added 5A zeolite ceramic fiber paper 6.5wt% of water adsorption at 30℃, 50%RH. But the change of reactive humidity over and lower than 50%RH, water vapor adsorption rate was not changed. 5A zeolite ceramic paper was found to have an excellent water vapor adsorption rate at low humidity.
The addition of silica gel and 5A zeolite to ceramic sheet changed the surface area and pore size distribution of ceramic sheet, where BET analysis was conducted by N2 adsorption.
8g added silica gel ceramic fiber paper had BET surface area of 160.02 m2/g, micropore area of 90.63 m2/g, micropore volume of 0.062 cm3/g, which showed silica gel content about 45%.
TGA analysis carried out to find decomposition temperature of organic materials. The water was dried out up to 200℃ and between 200～350℃ the organic substance is decomposed. By TGA experiment, more than 80% of ceramic desiccant sheet was composed of inorganic materials.
The desiccant paper was impregnated with 10% and 15% silica sol before heat treatment at 550℃, and the weight loss did not happen. Because the weight loss was cancelled out by the weight grain by silica particle of silica sol.
BET analysis result of silica gel ceramic paper with 15% silica sol impregnation after heat treatment at 550℃ showed that micropore area and micorpore volume were decreased by 55%, 43%, respectly. This is explained by destruction of the pores or silica gel absorbent. The silica gel adsorbent should be heat treated at less than 550℃. In contrast, 5A zeolite ceramic paper with 15% silica sol impregnation before heat treatment, a small amount of water vapor adsorbed at low humidity less than 50%RH. But at high humidity over 80%RH the amount of water vapor adsorption was increased. The surface area and micropore area and micropore volume were all increased after heat treatment. Besides the pore volume was increased of the number of pores near 10nm. The change of pore size distribution after silica sol impregnation and heat treatment improved the adsorption performance in high humidity condition.
A desiccant rotor was prepared for 5A zeolite for dehumidifier of 160 CMH, the diameter and width were 25cm and 20cm, respectively. The rotational speed of the rotor in 2.5 RPH dehumidification efficiency of 73.3% was resulted.
Large diameter rotary dehumidifier was made using 5A zeolite desiccant the diameter and width of which were 55cm and 40cm respectively. When the rotor rotation speed varied from a low humidity area of 30%RH, dehumidification efficiency changed from 83.9 to 90.3% as effective as show that dehumidification efficiency, especially at lower rotational speed was higher.
However, in 40%RH dehumidification efficiency of the rotor rotation speed increased when the dehumidification efficiency. 30%RH humidity condition if the rotational speed 2.67 RPH adsorption was not reached saturation, 40%RH more moisture in the desiccant rotor is supplied in 4.72 RPH adsorption saturation was reached.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• Ⅰ.서론 1
• 1.1 연구배경 1
• 1.2 연구의 목적 및 범위 6
• Ⅱ. 문헌조사 8
• 2.1 제습제의 종류 및 특징 8
• 2.1.1 활성탄 10
• 2.1.2 활성알루미나 13
• 2.1.3 실리카겔 14
• 2.1.4 제올라이트 19
• 2.2 제습방식의 분류 및 특징 23
• 2.2.1 냉각식 제습 23
• 2.2.2 흡착식 제습 27
• 2.3 흡착 제습의 원리 34
• 2.3.1 확산계수와 확산에 의한 물질 이동 34
• 2.3.2 경계면에서의 물질 이동 저항 36
• Ⅲ. 실험방법 37
• 3.1 실리카겔 및 제올라이트의 수분흡착 특성 37
• 3.1.1 실리카겔의 흡착특성 37
• 3.1.2 제올라이트 흡착특성 38
• 3.2 실리카겔 및 제올라이트를 첨가한 제습시트 제조 및 특성 40
• 3.3 제습시트의 물성 평가 실험 46
• 3.3.1 제습 소자의 수분 흡·탈착 실험 46
• 3.3.2 실리카겔 및 제올라이트를 첨가한 세라믹 시트의 강화 및 특성비교 46
• 3.4 제습용 실리카겔 및 제올라이트 로터 제조 및 로터 성능시험 48
• 3.4.1 허니컴 제습로터 제조 48
• 3.4.2 제습 유니트를 이용한 실리카겔 및 제올라이트 로터 운전 53
• Ⅳ. 결과 및 고찰 56
• 4.1 제습제의 흡착특성 56
• 4.1.1 실리카겔 수분 흡착특성 56
• 4.1.2 제올라이트의 수분 흡착특성 59
• 4.2 실리카겔이 담지된 제습시트의 특성 61
• 4.2.1 실리카겔 제습시트의 수분 흡·탈착 특성 61
• 4.2.2 실리카겔 제습시트의 열안정성 64
• 4.2.3 실리카겔 제습시트의 기공분포 66
• 4.3 5A 제올라이트가 담지된 제습시트의 특성 69
• 4.3.1 5A 제올라이트 제습시트의 수분 흡착특성 69
• 4.3.2 5A 제올라이트 제습시트의 열안정성 71
• 4.3.3 5A 제올라이트 제습시트의 기공분포 72
• 4.4 제습 소자의 구조강화 후 특성변화 75
• 4.4.1 실리카겔 제습시트의 구조 강화 후 특성변화 75
• 4.4.2 5A 제올라이트 제습시트의 구조 강화 후 특성 변화 86
• 4.5 제습로터 운전 성능 평가 94
• 4.5.1 5A 제올라이트 로터의 소형 제습장치의 운전 성능 평가 94
• 4.5.2 Pilot 회전식 제습장치의 운전 및 그 결과 98
• Ⅴ. 결론 99
• Ⅵ. 참고문헌 103