The rapid technological advancements in the space industry have led to the widespread use of microelectronic devices in aerospace equipment and satellites. However, these devices are frequently exposed to various forms of radiation, such as total ioni...
The rapid technological advancements in the space industry have led to the widespread use of microelectronic devices in aerospace equipment and satellites. However, these devices are frequently exposed to various forms of radiation, such as total ionizing dose (TID), single event effects (SEE), and displacement damage (DD), which can cause malfunctions and serious errors in the equipment. Approximately 30% of semiconductor device failures in space are attributed to space radiation, making radiation-hardening technology a crucial area of research and development for creating semiconductors capable of withstanding the challenges of the space age. This paper introduces both design- and process-based radiation-hardening technologies, as well as robust integrated circuit technologies suitable for space environments. Additionally, it explores wide-bandgap semiconductors, such as silicon carbide (SiC) and diamond, which exhibit strong resistance to radiation.