10.28 건대항쟁의 정치사적 의미 : Implications in Korean politocal history = 10.28 Student Uprising at KonKuk University

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

10.28 Student Uprising at KonKuk University (10.28 KonKuk Uprising) occurred in October 28, 1986. In spite of its significant implications in Korean political history, not much attention has been paid to it. This article attempts to reassess its historical implications in the context of political development of Korea.
This article also goes back over some influential students movements over the world so as to reach a conclusion that students movements have played a role as a mediator as well as an initiator of social change.
Korea was not an exception. While Korea had achieved the rapid economic growth, all of national resources and focuses of government policies were concentrated or two priorities: economic growth and anti-communism. Any social movements and ideologies that were not compatible with the national priorities were not tolerated by military regimes. If happened, those kinds of social movements and ideologies have blindly bombarded with criticism and suppression by government, mass media, and even intellectuals.
Under such social and political environments, students movements have been suppressed in many ways. This article describes the quandary of students movements during 1980s in Korea.
Anti-America mood originated from the resistance against the violent suppression over 5.18 Citizen Uprising of 1980 was culminated in 1985. Right after the Seoul Asian Game of 1986, violent suppression over democracy-movement was remarkably increased. The moment of 10.28 KonKuk Uprising was the culmination of the blind suppression and criticism over student movement.
As the result of the 10.28 KonKuk Uprising, 1,525 students were arrested and 1,288 were indicted, which is much greater number of the indicted, 616 students at the Student Uprising of Tokyo University in 1969.
Students Coalition For Anti-Imperialism and Anti-Dictatorship (called Ae-Hak-Tu-Ryun) was going to celebrate its launch at KonKuk University. Before the coalition, several different student organizations had led student movements in the name of anti-military dictatorship and anti-imperialism. Their movements were sometimes violent and isolated from the public sentiments. Thus, they established "Ae-Hak-Tu-Ryun" as an united organization and had the first meeting at KonKuk University in October 28, 1986.
Ae-Hak-Tu-Ryun set its goals: anti-imperialism (by Japan and America), anti-military dictatorship (President Chun, Du-Hwan), unification between south-north Korea, enhancement of democracy and human rights, reform of education. Chun's military regime saw the meeting of "Ae-Hak-Tu-Ryun" at KonKuk University as a chance to effectively suppress student movements.
The Supreme Public Prosecutor's Office, Justice Minister, and Prime Minister announced that "Ae-Hak-Tu-Ryun" under the control of North Korea illegally occupied KonKuk University. Police violently suppressed and arrested students who hid themselves separately in buildings of the University for four days.
This article analyzes the background of the "Ae-Hak-Tu-Ryun" event and concludes that Chun's military regime took advantage of the launch meeting of "Ae-Hak-Tu-Ryun" as a chance of massive suppression over student movements on purpose. At the same time, this article points out that student movements were too isolated from the public. Student movements, for example still stuck to ideological debate and radical (violent) action that were used in the cold-war age.
Specifically, this article criticizes "Ae-Hak-Tu-Ryun" should not have used too radical (leftist) handouts and catch-Phrases that North Korea often had used.
In spite of its some problems and naivete, this article concludes that 10.28 KonKuk Uprising plays a role as a mediator between 5.18 KwangJu Uprising in 1980 and 6.10 Citizen Uprising in 1987 so that it contributes to political development in Korea.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• 1. 변혁운동으로서의 학생운동
• 2. 한국의 80년대 정치상황과 학생운동
• (1) 1980년대 상반기 정치상황과 학생운동
• (2) 1980년대 중반기 정치상황과 학생운동
• 3. 10.28 건대항쟁의 전개과정
• (1) 「애학투련」의 결성목표
• (2) 항쟁과정의 실상
• (3) 항쟁에 대한 각계반응
• 4. 10.28 건대항쟁의 재조명
• (1) 건대항쟁의 전·후 사건
• (2) 「애학투련」의 성격과 항쟁의 평가
• 5. 정치사적 의미