湖南地域에서의 三要素 施肥에 따른 水稻品種群間의 水量反應 解析硏究 = Varietal Responses in Yield and Yield Components from the Fertilizer Experimental Data of Paddy Rice in Ho nam District.

국문 초록 (Abstract)

統一系 水稻 品種群의 多收性과 擴地域性을 湖南地域에서 再判斷하고, 그 妥當性의 科學的인 根據가 어떤 增收要因에 의하여 成立되는 가를 日本型 品種群 對比로 分析 檢討하기 위하여 1970年 以後 6個月間에 걸쳐 湖南地域內의 各 硏究機關에서 遂行한 試驗成績을 綜合整理하고 分析한 結果, 다음의 結論을 얻었다.
1. 窒素·燐酸·加里 增施에 따라 兩品種群 共히 高度의 有意性 있는 收量增大를 보였다. 窒素에 의하여는 兩品種 모두 直線的인, 燐酸·加里에 의하여는 曲線的 收量增加를 招來하는 結果였는데, 窒素의 境遇 統一系는 穗數와 顯花數가 增大됨으로써, 그리고 日本型은 穗數의 增大를 通하여 增收된 것이다. 燐酸의 경우는 統一系에서 穗數와 顯花數, 日本型은 顯花數와 登熟向上을 通하여, 그리고 加里增肥에 따라 統一系는 顯花數, 日本型은 穗數와 粒重을 通하여 收量을 增加시켰다.
2. 施肥에 따른 增收效率은 燐酸이나 加里보다 窒素가 높은 편이었고, 日本型보다는 統一系의 收量反應이 높았는데 이는 施肥反應으로서의 增收幅보다 基本生産性의 差異에 더욱 의존되는 傾向이었다.
3. 3要素 施肥에 따른 收量과 構成要素間의 單純相關 分析結果, 統一系의 收量은 面積當 顯花數가, 日本型에서는 面積當 穗數가 높은 正의 相關을 보였다. 즉 日本型의 境遇, 穗數와 顯花數間의 逆相關 때문에 面積當 顯花數의 收量相關이 떨어졌다. 이는 先行形質들(穗數, 顯花數)의 效率이 後行形質들(登熟, 粒重)의 效率보다 收量에 關係가 큰 것으로 나타났다.
4. 3要素 增施에 따른 收量成立特性(重回歸·重相關)은 다음과 같았다.
統一系 : Y=20.3xi**+3.9x2**+22.4x3**+3xt**-783.1
日本型 : Y=21.3xl**+1.5x2NS+7.3x3NS+0.18x4-91.7
5. 偏相關係數 및 寄與度 分析結果 統一系는 顯花數>穗數>粒重>登熟의 順으로 表示되었으나 日本型의 境遇에는 登熟>穗數>顯花數>粒重의 順으로서, 다른 分析結果와 달리 登熟의 收量에 對한 效果(直接效果)가 큰 傾向이었다.

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

To compare of scientific reasonabilities of the high-yielding characters and broad adaptability between Tongil and Japonica cultivars in Honam district, the mode of response of yield components in the constitution of yield to N,P,K fertilization was determined by linear and quadratic regression equations, multiple regression equations,
simple and multiple correlation coefficients, and partial correlation coefficients(path coefficients) and contribution ratio analysis, respectively.
Datas for the analysis were collected from the annual reports of the rural developmental research institutes in Honam discrict(1970~1976). The results are summarized as follows:
1. According with N fertilization, the yields of both cultivars were linearly increased, through the increase of no. of panicles per hill and no. of spikelets per panicle(in Tongil cvs.) and no. of panicles per hill(in Japonica cvs.). With P and K, yield of both cultivars were increasing in quadratic responses.
2. Among fertilizers, nitrogen was most superior effect to make yield increments. And the higher yielding in Tongil cvs. than in Japonica was rather conducted from the differences in basic productive potentials than the fertilizer responses btw. two cultivars.
3. Simple correlation coefficient analysis showed significant correlation btw. yield and no. of spikelets per an area(in Tongil cvs.), and no. of panicles per hill(in Japonica cvs.).
4. Multiple regression analysis of the effect of yield components on the yield constitution indicated, in Tongil cvs.. inevitability of all of the components in explanation of yield response to fertilization. However, in Japonica cvs., indicated the effect of no. of panicles per hill only as follow.
Tongil cvs.: Y=20.3xi**+3.9x2**+22.4x3**+3xt**-783.1
Japonica cvs: Y=21.3xl**+1.5x2NS+7.3x3NS+0.18x4-91.7
5. As results of partial correlation coefficients(path coefficients) btw. the yield and its each components, Tongil cvs. showed the closely related pattern with other analysis above, namely: No. of spikelets per panicle>No. of panicle per hill>Wt. of 1,000 grains>Grain maturity ratio in their order of contribution potentials(direct effect ratio)
to the yield; However, Japonica cvs. showed the importance in direct contribution effects of the grain maturity ratio to the yield, to recognize such an order of contribution potentials, namely: Grain maturity ratio>No. of panicles per hill>No. of spikelets per panicle>Wt. of 1,000 grains.