연극기호학의 초석을 이룬 오타카르 지흐(Otakar Zich)의 이론과 영향

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This paper describes the basics of Zich’s aesthetic theory and his influence on the Prague school and semiotics of dramatic art. Otakar Zich was a Czech scholar and artist who opened a new chapter in study of art. His seminal book, The Aesthetics of Dramatic Art, is the culmination of his work on aesthetic theory. It was published in 1931 and has since been subjected to attention and criticism.
The most important is the enormous influence he had on ‘the Prague School’. Leading scholars of the Prague school included Jan Mukařovský Roman Jakobson and Jiří Veltruský, Petr Bogatyrev among others. The biggest achievements of the Prague school, among its various contributions to linguistics, literature, theatre, etc., were structuralism and semiotics. In the later half of the 20th century, the activities of the Prague school received renewed attention, and their achievements in theatre semiotics are immensely significant. Interestingly, although the Prague school was much influenced by Russian formalism, its work in semiotics of theatre was not. This is in fact because Zich had already provided of the cornerstone of their theory of semiotics of theatre.
O. Zich examined the relationship between the ‘meaning’ and the ‘form’ systematically for the first time. He applied this concept to the acting of actors which is related to the characteristics of the sign. He ascertained that a work of art is expressed through its ‘special structure’ and that understanding this structure is central to an aesthetic analysis of the work.
First is a discussion of Zich’s theory of art. He criticized Wagner’s Gesamtkunstwerk (total art work), arguing that all the elements of a work of art maintain each of its unique features, but also integrate into a unified whole within the structure of a work. He explained how the function and system of each element of theatre (such as text, actor, stage etc.) form a certain hierarchy His notion of hierarchy had influence on the conception of ‘foregrounding (aktualizace)’ which is one of the most important elements of poetic language in literature and in theatre. This conception of dynamic hierarchy of elements was made by Jan Mukaovsk and developed by Jiří Veltruský or Jindřich Honzl.
Otakar Zich’s idea of ‘the relationship between the meaning and the form’ of acting and his other conception has the effect on the groundwork of the conception of Prague School and the semiotics of theater.

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