수종 진균에 의한 실험적 조갑 감염 = In vitro Nail Infection Through Several Kinds of Fungi

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Background : The techniques that are currently used to diagnose nail infections, KOH and culture, can only provide indirect evdence of a fungal cause because false-negative and false-positive results are high. The use of histologic examination can be of help for a more accurate and specific diagnosis.
Objective : This study was undertaken to investigate the characteristics of nail invasion and morphology in nail sections by 5 species of fungi including Trichophyton mentagrophytes var mentagrophytes, Trichophyton rubrum, Candida albicans, Scopulariopsis brevicaulis, and Fusarium oxysporum.
Methods : Two in vitro methods for the study of mail invasion were used. In one method, those cultured fungi were inoculated on the ventral surface of the human mail clippings(direct nail inoculation method). In the other method, invasion of mail clippings by those fungi was induced in the continuous shaking liquid media(continuous shaking liquid culture method).
Results : 1. In direct nail inoculation method, the gross findings are similar to those obtained in routine culture media. By 1 week, the mail fragments were totally covered by a white fungal mycelium on gross examination. 2. Non-dermatophytes were slower invader of nail tissue than dermatohytes. Invasion was quicker and more extensive in dystrophic nail. Full thickness invasion of the normal nail fragment was observed in 46.8±9.8 days. But it took 13.3±2.6 days to invade the dystrophic nail fragment(p<0.05). 3. This model showed the morphologic differences of three groups of fungi. Dermatophytes generally showed regualr, straight, septate and branched hyphae, which run parallel to the mail surface; C. albicans appeared as pseudofilaments running haphazardly within the mail; S. brevicaulis and F. oxysporum appeared as irregular, thicker hyphae without any spores. 4. By using the continuous shaking liquid culture method, T. mentagrophytes var mentagrophytes was only successful in nail invasion.
Conclusion : The direct nail inoculation method is a simple method showing the dynamics of the mail invasion in vitro. Unlike to dermatophytes, NDFF(non-dermatophytic filamentous fungi) and Candida sp. could invade only dystrophic abnormal nail. Dermatophytes, Candida sp., and NDFF showed some differences in shape and arrangement of the hyphae on the histopathologic sections. But they are not diagnostic to the species.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• 서론
• 재료 및 방법
• 1. 조갑의 준비
• 2. 실험균주
• 3. 직접 조갑 접종 방법(Direct nail inoculation Method)에 의한 조갑 감염
• 4. 연속회전 액체 배양방법(Continuous shaking liquid culture method)을 이용한 조갑 감염
• 결과
• 1. 직접 조갑 접종 방법에 의한 조갑 감염
• 2. 연속 회전 액체 배양 방법(Continuous shaking liquid culture method)
• 고찰
• 결론