Structural identification of Humber Bridge for performance prognosis

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Structural identification or St-Id is ‘the parametric correlation of structural responsecharacteristics predicted by a mathematical model with analogous characteristics derived from experimentalmeasurements’. This paper describes a St-Id exercise on Humber Bridge that adopted a novel two-stageapproach to first calibrate and then validate a mathematical model. This model was then used to predicteffects of wind and temperature loads on global static deformation that would be practically impossible toobserve. The first stage of the process was an ambient vibration survey in 2008 that used operational modalanalysis to estimate a set of modes classified as vertical, torsional or lateral. In the more recent second stagea finite element model (FEM) was developed with an appropriate level of refinement to provide acorresponding set of modal properties. A series of manual adjustments to modal parameters such as cabletension and bearing stiffness resulted in a FEM that produced excellent correspondence for vertical andtorsional modes, along with correspondence for the lower frequency lateral modes. In the third stage traffic,wind and temperature data along with deformation measurements from a sparse structural health monitoringsystem installed in 2011 were compared with equivalent predictions from the partially validated FEM. Thematch of static response between FEM and SHM data proved good enough for the FEM to be used topredict the un-measurable global deformed shape of the bridge due to vehicle and temperature effects but theFEM had limited capability to reproduce static effects of wind. In addition the FEM was used to showinternal forces due to a heavy vehicle to to estimate the worst-case bearing movements under extremecombinations of wind, traffic and temperature loads. The paper shows that in this case, but with limitations,such a two-stage FEM calibration/validation process can be an effective tool for performance prognosis.

참고문헌 (Reference)

1 Worden, K., "The application of machine learning to structural health monitoring" 365 (365): 515-537, 2007

2 Brancaleoni, F., "The aerodynamic design of the Messina Straits Bridge" 48 (48): 395-409, 1993

3 Diana, G., "Suspension bridge parameter identification in full-scale test" 41 (41): 165-176, 1992

4 Karuna, R., "Structural Modelling of Suspension Bridges with Particular Reference to the Humber Bridge" Brunel University 2002

5 Catbas, F. N., "Structural Identification of Constructed Systems"

6 Brown, T.A., "Strategies for the verification of a finite element model" 1031-1039, 1985

7 Larsen, A., "Storebaelt suspension bridge-vortex shedding excitation and mitigation by guide vanes" 88 (88): 283-296, 2000

8 Dumanoglu, A.A, "Seismic response of modern suspension bridges to asynchronous vertical ground motion" 83 : 701-730, 1987

9 Koo, K. Y., "SHM data management system using MySQL databse with MATLAB and Web interfaces" 2011

10 Bathe, K.J, "SAPIV a structural analysis program for static and dynamic response of linear structures"

11 Bojovi, A., "Rehabilitation of the Gazelle road bridge in Belgrade" 2013

12 Kromanis, R., "Predicting thermal response of bridges using regression models derived from measurement histories" 136 : 64-77, 2014

13 Brownjohn, J. M. W., "Operational deformations in long span bridges" 11 (11): 556-574, 2015

14 Nickitopoulou, A., "Monitoring dynamic and quasi-static deformations of large flexible engineering structures with GPS : Accuracy, limitations and promises" 28 : 1471-1482, 2006

15 Stephen, G. A., "Measurements of static and dynamic displacement from visual monitoring of the Humber Bridge" 15 (15): 197-208, 1993

16 Cross, E.J., "Long-term monitoring and data analysis of the Tamar Bridge" 35 (35): 16-34, 2013

17 Fujino, Y., "Lessons learned from structural monitoring of long-span bridges and a tall base-isolated building" 2013

18 Brownjohn, J. M. W., "Humber bridge full-scale measurements campaigns 1990-1991" 52 : 185-218, 1994

19 Hornby, S. R., "Humber bridge A-frame refurbishment /replacement" 2012

20 Friswell, M.I, "Finite element model updating in structural dynamics" Springer 1995

21 Ashkenazi, V, "Experimental monitoring of the Humber Bridge using GPS" 120 : 177-182, 1997

22 Westgate, R. J., "Effect of vehicular loading on suspension bridge dynamic properties" 11 (11): 129-144, 2015

23 Westgate, R., "Effect of solar radiation on suspension bridge performance" 2014

24 Kumarasena, T., "Deer Isle bridge : Efficacy of stiffening systems" 115 (115): 2297-2312, 1989

25 Farrar, C.R., "Damage prognosis : the future of structural health monitoring" 365 (365): 623-632, 2007

26 Littler, J.D., "Ambient vibration tests on the Humber Bridge July 1988, BRE N75/89"

27 Littler, J. D., "Ambient vibration tests on long span suspension bridges" 41-44 : 1359-1370, 1992

28 Abdel-Ghaffar, A.M, "Ambient vibration studies of Golden Gate bridge : 1. Suspended structure, and 2. Pier tower structure" 111 (111): 463-482, 1985

29 Brownjohn, J. M. W., "Ambient vibration re-testing and operational modal analysis of the Humber Bridge" 32 (32): 2003-2018, 2010

30 Brownjohn, J. M. W., "Ambient vibration measurements of the Humber Suspension Bridge and comparison with calculated characteristics" 83 : 561-600, 1987

31 Walshe, D.E, "A further investigation for the proposed Humber suspension bridge" Transport Research Laboratory 1972