한국의 시민사회 성장과 윤리의식 = Rise of Civil Society and Ethics in Korea

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

World history has experienced revolutionary changes since 1989. From that time cold war order and thinking are destructed and we are in detent and interdependence period.
With that changes Korea also experiences many kinds of newly emergent things. Especially new born Kim Young-Sam civilian government's reform is one of the most important changes.
What are the main causes of that kind of change in Korea? Maybe the rise of civil society is the most primary factor of those changes. And then what makes civil society so active in Korea? It could be the modernization in Korea since 1960's. In other words modernization brought many changes in Korean society, especially rise of civil society.
Generally development of civil society brought capitalist market mechanism, individualism, pluralism, class differenciation and class conscience in western society. Development of civil society in Korea also makes Korean people feel those aspects and especially experience spirit of struggle to government in addition to those factors.
But there is a important thing in explaining those aspects. The content is the point. Even though the artificial aspects are similar to western outputs of development of civil society, the reality of the Korean civil society is different from the western one.
So to speak Korean civil society, the changed aspects of civil society as a result of modernization is different from western society.
In Korea the capitalist market mechanism was distorted. Dislike western case state interfered market mechanism to simulate capitalist development, In that process capital sector received much privileges than labour and new middle class sector. On the one hand it also made capital sector's power strong, on the other hand made labour part weak. As yon know this kind of inequality makes strong struggle spirit both related sectors.
The second aspect of modernization is individualism. In Western society individualism developed on the base of fair right and duty. But in Korea individualism did not show original one. Korean misunderstood it. They only urged their right regardless of their duty. So in Korea people accepted distorted individualism, egoism as individualism.
The third, pluralism was distorted among Korea people too. As we know pluralism admits free and fair interaction between relaxed interest groups. But in Korea many concerned groups admit their exclusive interest and exclude other groups'. It is not the pure pluralism but collective egoism.
The fourth, class conscience was also different from western one. As pointed above lopsided development of capitalism naturally brought abnormal social outcome. After middle stage of distorted capitalist development in Korea class struggle revealed more serious aspect than west. So there are no interdependence between capital and labour sector.
And last distorted modernization. I mean government urged modernization as a means of political power preservative gives people spirit of struggle for democratization. It unfortunately gives people the thinking that all problems can solve through struggle. Especially with the growth of democratic circumstances it's mind is escalated So since the 6th Government struggle is the most effective and best method to solve the problem among people.
In conclusion newly emergent Korean civil society is very different from western one. And then how can we cure that kind of wrong developed civil society and prepare for our good life around the corner of 21st century.
Now I dare to say the alternatives.
First we desperately need fair capitalist market mechanism. In that circumstance state does not interfere market any more and capital sector pursue fair interest for themselves and labour also urge their interest fair methods and processes.
Second people cast egoism and accept good aspected individualism itself. In other words all people urge their right and keep their duty in the process of admitting others.
Third we need pluralism not collective egoism. In that process we can solve religiose, religious, class struggle and make our society harmonious.
Fourth We should admit that fair means and process are more effective and good method to solve problems. If those method does not accept we can not think our society's development.
And last, the most primary thing to do is recovery of morality in our society. Because I think all outcome of human being is based on his mind. I also think most abnormalities and corruptions which make Korean society confuse in those day drives from moral corruption. So moral is the most precious and urgent thing in our society.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• Ⅰ.서론
• Ⅱ.시민사회의 이론적 고찰
• Ⅲ.한국에서 시민사회의 등장과 성장
• Ⅳ.시민사회의 성장과 윤리의식의 변화
• Ⅴ.결론 : 새로운 사회와 새로운 윤리의식
• □참고문헌
• □ABSTRACT