Expanding college access for urban youth : what schools and colleges can do

목차 (Table of Contents)

• CONTENTS
• 1 Creating Postsecondary Access and Opportunity for Urban Youth / Terry K. Flennaugh ; Tyrone C. Howard = 1
• State of Affairs for Urban Youth in the United States = 4
• Salience of Postsecondary Education in the 21st Century = 7
• Urban Youth in Postsecondary Institutions of Higher Education = 9
• Obstacles to Postsecondary Education = 11
• Conclusion = 18
• 2 Response to the College Access Problem : VIP Scholars-a Social Justice Approach / Jonli D. Tunstall ; Ashley V. Williams ; Justyn K. Patterson ; Jerry Morrison = 20
• College Access Programs = 20
• Upward Bound and GEAR UP = 24
• VIP Scholars Program = 26
• VIPS History and Background = 29
• Guiding Principles of the VIP Scholars Program = 30
• VIPS and Social Justice Youth Development and Sociopolitical Development = 33
• 3 Mentorship and Mentoring / Tyrone C. Howard ; Bree Blades = 40
• Defining Mentorship = 41
• Academic Mentorship = 45
• Mentoring : Social and Emotional = 50
• Conclusion = 55
• 4 The Ripple Effect : The Influence of Mentoring on Mentors / Tyrone C. Howard ; Irene Atkins ; Jon Carroll = 58
• Mentorship Matters = 60
• Critical Race Theory = 61
• Improving Community = 67
• From Learning to Leading = 67
• "Practicing What We Preach" = 70
• Reflecting on Mentorship = 72
• Conclusion = 76
• 5 Community Voices / Justyn K. Patterson ; Ashley V. Williams = 79
• Parent Engagement = 80
• Saturday Academy = 82
• Family Day = 85
• Increased College Knowledge and Growing Consciousness = 86
• Parent Networks = 87
• Parents Adopt New Behaviors = 88
• Parents Discuss VIPS's Impact on Their Children = 90
• 6 University Perspectives on the Need for and Impact of Outreach Programs / Terry K. Flennaugh ; Bree Blades ; Whitney Gouche = 94
• History of University-Based Outreach and Enrichment Programs = 94
• Challenges Faced by University-Based Outreach and Enrichment Programs = 102
• The Creation of VIP Scholars = 105
• Recommendations for College and University Stakeholders = 109
• Conclusion = 113
• 7 Postsecondary Pathways / Michelle Smith ; Tr'Vel Lyons = 115
• National College Matriculation = 116
• VIP Scholars Student Outcomes = 117
• Alumni Initiatives = 124
• STEM Support Initiatives = 127
• Early Outreach : Increasing Program Eligibility of Black Males = 130
• Local, State, and Federal Recommendations = 133
• 8 Recommendations / Jonli D. Tunstall ; Terry K. Flennaugh ; Tyrone C. Howard = 138
• Recommendations for Policymakers = 138
• Recommendations for K-12 Schools = 140
• Recommendations for Institutions of Higher Education = 142
• References = 145
• Index = 167
• About the Authors = 179