母의 취업관련 변인이 아동의 자기효능감과 학교적응에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구 = A Study on Influence of Mothers' Employment-Related Variables upon Children's Self-efficacy and School Adjustment

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Women's participation in labor market gets active in modern society of being complex and diversified. Thus, the purpose of this study was to examine what about the self-efficacy in children's psychological aspect and the social adjustment in the social aspect as for the influence upon children caused by mothers' absence.
The subjects of this study are 322 students in the 5th and 6th grade for 3 elementary schools where are located in Cheongju and Cheongwon. For statistical analysis on this research problem, t-test, one-way Anova, Pearson's correlation analysis, post-analysis, and multiple regression analysis were used. The program, which was used in statistics, is SPSS WIN 12.0.
The conclusions, which were obtained through this study, are as follows.
First, as a result of examining difference in mothers' employment-related variables according to socio-demographic characteristics, the significant difference was shown in job category according to mothers' academic background. Also, in case of high living level, the averagely contact time per a day with children was indicated to be significantly high. And, in case of women and of high living level, what there is a guardian after school was indicated to be much significantly.
Second, as for the self-efficacy level according to socio-demographic characteristics, the statistically significant difference was shown in children's gender, mothers' academic background, and living level. Children's self-efficacy level was indicated to be relatively higher in a case of profession compared to a case of simple labor job as for mothers' job category. A case of being much in the averagely contact time per a day between child and mother was indicated to be relatively higher. In light of these results, children's self-efficacy can be said to be influenced more importantly by the volume of time that a child spends with mother, rather than the simple appearance of mothers' employment.
Third, as for the school-adjustment level according to socio-demographic characteristics, the statistically significant difference was shown in mothers' academic background and living level. The school-adjustment level was indicated to be relatively higher in a case of profession than a case of simple labor job as for mothers' job category. A case of being much in the averagely contact time per a day between child and mother was indicated to be relatively higher.
Fourth, as a result of examining correlation between mothers' employment-related variables and children's self-efficacy and between mothers' employment-related variables and school adjustment, the correlation was indicated.
According to the results that were shown in this study, there is implication that the mother's individually-related variable, environmental factor in home, and employment-related variable, namely, mothers' academic background, living level, and the averagely contact time per a day between child and mother have the greater influence upon children's self-efficacy and school adjustment, not what the appearance of mothers' employment has negative influence upon children. Consequently, when mothers make much effort to enhance qualitative aspect even if there is lots of time of being spent separately so that children can form positive thinking and desirable value system, through diversely mutual contacts and broad conversation always with attentively true mind while recognizing their influence upon children importantly, it is considered that there will not be a problem about child-rearing.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• I. 서 론 1
• 1. 연구의 필요성 및 목적 1
• 2. 연구문제 5
• 3. 연구의 제한점 6
• II. 이론적 배경 7
• 1. 어머니의 취업과 아동의 발달 7
• 2. 자기효능감 10
• 1) 자기효능감의 개념 및 중요성 10
• 2) 어머니의 취업과 아동의 자기효능감의 관계 13
• 3. 학교적응 14
• 1) 학교적응의 개념 및 중요성 14
• 2) 어머니의 취업과 아동의 학교적응의 관계 17
• III. 연구방법 18
• 1. 연구모형 18
• 2. 연구대상 19
• 3. 측정도구 19
• 1) 어머니의 취업관련 변인 19
• 2) 자기효능감 척도 20
• 3) 학교적응 척도 22
• 4. 자료분석방법 24
• Ⅳ. 결과분석 25
• 1. 인구사회학적특성 25
• 2. 어머니의 취업관련 변인 26
• 1) 어머니의 취업 양상 26
• 2) 인구사회학적 특성에 따른 어머니의 취업관련 변인 28
• 3. 자기효능감 33
• 1) 영역별 자기효능감 정도 33
• 2) 인구사회학적 특성에 따른 자기효능감 33
• 3) 취업관련 변인에 따른 자기효능감 36
• 4. 학교적응 42
• 1) 영역별 학교적응 정도 42
• 2) 인구사회학적 특성에 따른 학교적응 42
• 3) 취업관련 변인에 따른 학교적응 48
• 5. 어머니의 인구 사회학적 특성과 취업관련 변인이 자기효능감 및 학교적응에 미치는 상대적 영향력 55
• 1) 어머니의 취업관련 변인과 자기효능감 및 학교적응의 상관관계 55
• 2) 어머니의 취업관련 변인이 자기효능감에 미치는 영향 57
• 3) 어머니의 취업관련 변인이 학교적응에 미치는 영향 58
• Ⅴ. 요약 및 제언 60
• 1. 요약 60
• 2. 제언 64
• 참고문헌 66
• 설문지 71
• ABSTRACT 82