This study is to look into the aspect of representing traditional landscape observed in landscape design competitions. It aims to find out the contents and errors of representing traditional landscape and then explore its direction and rationality.
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This study is to look into the aspect of representing traditional landscape observed in landscape design competitions. It aims to find out the contents and errors of representing traditional landscape and then explore its direction and rationality.
This research is limited to the landscaping competition for housing land development projects, which were mostly ordered among landscape plans between 2007 and 2013. The design plan reflecting the traditional contents and elements for representing traditional landscape among the panel submitted in the that require design planning taking into account 'tradition' according to the relevant design guidelines, were selected for this research. 16 designs in total were chosen for study among the ones submitted for 'landscape design competitions for city infrastructure of Minrak (2) District in Uijeongbu', 'Landscape Architecture Design Competition for Wirye New town Land Development', and ‘The Design Competition for Dongtan (2) District Land Development Phase 1’, ‘The Design Competition for Dongtan (2) District Land Development Phase 2’, ‘The Design Competition for Dongtan (2) District Land Development Phase 3’.
The analysis on these designs were carried out based on the texts as expressive means of each design, extracting representing targets and facilities, and types of landscape trees, and then breaking down masterplan, elevations & cross sections, diagrams, images and perspective that can be regarded as nonverbal expressive design media, to draw out the composition and placement of representing space, the design of representing facilities, representing expressive strategies and reappearance scenery.
As a result of the analysis, the representing targets dealt with in the landscape design competitions were divided into the categories of traditional village, traditional landscape, and traditional thoughts and culture, with the concept and components of a traditional village standing out. In regards to the types of representing landscape facilities , traditional structures such as a square-shaped pond and a pavilion as well as introducing facilities including Sotdae (a pole erected to pray for a good harvest) and Jangseung (a Korean traditional totem pole at the village entrance) were pointed out as a top priority. For landscape trees, it was suggested that a village forest be formed and a tree for providing a resting place for villagers be planted, along with the planting method of trees according to the Five Elements philosophy. The composition and placement of representing space, were most likely to restrict to the main park, embodying a traditional theme. The design of landscape facilities was largely representing in a direct way, but there were some abstract and de-constructive reappearances. Elevational and section drawings, diagrams and images that contain expert materials related to tradition, were used as an expressive strategy for representation to heighten traditional recreation. When it comes to recreating scenery, the traditional water landscape with ponds and traditional pavilions seemed predominant or the landscape of an agricultural village.
Through a site survey on the two targets of 'landscape design competitions for city infrastructure of Minrak (2) District in Uijeongbu', and ‘The Design Competition for Dongtan (2) District Land Development Phase 1’, the designs submitted to the contests and the constructing results, were compared and analyzed.
According to the analysis outcome, the village road or forest appearing as a representing object was actually created within the park. However, if it was decided to adopt an abstract concept like a method of appreciating views as a representing target, it turned out that it would be difficult to come true as a physical space. Furthermore, lack of understanding traditional landscape led to making mistakes in the process of interpreting the targeted objects to be representing. as well as in fact, the relevant project could not be accomplished by choosing the targets for recreation such as a wash place without any consideration of the circumstances.
After going over the spacial direction and composition for representation, it came to an conclusion that much of the space suggested in the design contests had actually been created, while for the space for exercise and plaza excluded pursuant to the change in design, they were also added to function as a neighboring park. In addition, both of them were built to have a traditional water space called 'Bangjiwondohyeong' in Korean (which means a figure used to create a pond with a kind of island in its center) as a main space. However, since the backgrounds, cozy feelings of being embraced from them or viewing objects were not carefully put into consideration, the spacial sense or beauty that we can discover in traditional space, was hard to be felt. In Minrak District 2, Uijjeongbu, the neighborhood park No. 7 was suggested as a recreating scenery for a site to experience farming, but later changed to terraced lawn stands. It appears to me that this is the result of reflecting the conditions of the target and the difficulties of the park's maintenance control. The traditional facilities in the pubic contests showed a slanted trend to plot out space like a pond and a pavilion, and focus on buildings with recreating power. In particular, the pavilion and floor in the first-stage design contest for Dongtan District 2 in Hwaseong that were designed and offered based on an abstract and de-constructive recreating method were later adopted after changing them to a “Chong”(traditional pavilion) and “Lu”(a korea tall building). As you can see here, the originally designed facilities were not being installed, but rather being built as traditional structures.
Like this, we can easily learn that as the traditional recreation has been introduced, a variety of representing targets or facilities are being selected with the suggesting of professional strategies. Therefore, through looking into the aspects of representing traditional landscape in the landscape design competitions, it can be said to be meaningful for this study to have discovered the diversity and possibility of representing tradition and examined its errors and limits.
keyword: residential land developments, design media, traditionality, design trends, representation