Long-chain free fatty acids from Momordica cochinchinensis leaves as attractants to its insect pest, Aulacophora foveicollis Lucas (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae)

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Extraction, thin layer chromatography, and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry of young, mature, andsenescent leaves of Momordica cochinchinensis Spreng revealed 13 free fatty acids, representing a total of82.29, 91.30, and 68.52% of fatty acids in young, mature, and senescent leaves, respectively. Palmitic acid wasthe predominant fatty acid followed by stearic acid in three types of leaves. The free fatty acids from young,mature, and senescent leaves attracted female Aulacophora foveicollis Lucas (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) at theminimal concentrations of 4, 2, and 8 μg, respectively; whereas the mixtures of synthetic fatty acids mimickingfree fatty acids of young, mature, and senescent leaves showed attraction at the minimal concentrations of 4, 2,and 10 μg, respectively, in Y-shaped glass tube olfactometer bioassay under laboratory condition. The resultsindicate that A. foveicollismay employ long-chain free fatty acids as an olfactory cue for host location. The individualsynthetic fatty acids mimicking the proportions detected in three types of leaves were also evaluated througholfactometer bioassay. Only synthetic palmitic acid at theminimal amount of 2.17 μg attracted the insect. A syntheticblend of fatty acids mimicking 8 μg free fatty acid concentration of mature leaves or an amount of 5.42 μg palmiticacid produced the highest attraction of the insect. Hence 5.42 μg palmitic acid might be used for insect pestmanagementprogram such as baited traps.

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