영아의 기질, 어머니-자녀 간 애착, 비언어적 의사소통 능력 간의 관계: 애착의 매개효과 = A study on the relationships among toddler temperament, mother-child attachment security and toddler nonverbal communication skills: The mediating effects of mother-child attachment security

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This research takes a comprehensive view of the relationships found among toddler temperament, the degree of mother-child attachment security and toddler nonverbal communication skills in an effort to determine if and how mother-child attachment security serves as mediator between toddlers` temperament and their nonverbal communication skills. Forty mother-child dyads participated in this study. Instruments used were The Early Childhood Behavior Questionnaire (ECBQ) to measure temperament, The Attachment Behavior Q-set for assessing mother-child attachment security and The Early Social Communication Scales (ESCS) for toddler nonverbal communication skills. Analyses results are as follows. 1) In the toddler temperament relationship to toddler nonverbal communication skills, a negative relation was found between the toddler negative affectivity and nonverbal communication skills and a positive relation was found between extraversion and effortful control; 2) regarding toddler temperament and the degree of the mother-child attachment security, toddler temperament negatively correlated with negative affectivity, positively correlated with effortful control, and did not correlate at all with extraversion; 3) a positive relation was found between the degree of mother-child attachment security and the toddler nonverbal communication skills (Initiating and responding to Joint Attention Behaviors/Initiating and responding to Behavioral Requests/Responding to Social Interaction Behaviors). Thus, 4) the mother-child attachment security served as mediator between temperament and nonverbal communication skills, and it was found that when the attachment to the mother was secure, the nonverbal communication skills of the toddler would also be good even if the toddler had a negative temperament. These results have strong implications for planning and conducting workshops and conferences aimed at assisting parents in developing strong secure attachments which would enable good nonverbal communication skills.