Teaching the language arts : expanding thinking through student-centered instruction

목차 (Table of Contents)

• CONTENTS
• Preface = ⅹ
• Table of Contents of Notecards = xii
• Chapter 1 Language and Thinking Development in the Elementary School = 2
• THEORETICAL FOUNDATION: What Principles Determine Successful Language Arts Programs? = 4
• PUTTING THEORY INTO PRACTICE: How Do You Teach Thinking and Language Arts? = 10
• STRATEGIES THAT TEACH: Transferring Practices into Daily Lessons = 16
• CRITICAL THINKING ACTIVITY 1: How to Scaffold Instruction = 18
• PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT OPPORTUNITY: Identifying Your Teaching Philosophy of Language Arts Instruction = 20
• TRY IT = 22
• FOR YOUR JOURNAL = 23
• BUILDING YOUR PROFESSIONAL PORTFOLlO = 25
• Chapter 2 Putting Your Philosophy into Action: Designing Your Student Communication Center = 28
• THEORETICAL FOUNDATION: A Student Communication Center in Action = 29
• PUTTING THEORY INTO PRACTICE: Planning and Scheduling = 39
• STRATEGIES THAT TEACH: Lessons to Use Early in the School Year = 49
• CRITICAL THINKING ACTIVITY 2: First Week of School: Diagnosing Students Pre-Instructional Language Strengths and Needs = 57
• PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT OPPORTUNITY: How to Arrange Your Class So It Becomes a Student Communication Center = 60
• TRY IT = 65
• FOR YOUR JOURNAL = 65
• BUILDING YOUR PROFESSIONAL PORTFOLIO: Parent Letters = 66
• Chapter 3 The Students Arrive: Developing Students' Oral Communication Abilities = 68
• THEORETICAL FOUNDATION: Students' Oral Language Needs = 69
• PUTTING THEORY INTO PRACTICE: Teaching Students to Speak More Effectively = 75
• STRATEGIES THAT TEACH; Daily Lessons That Improve Students' Oral Language = 93
• CRITICAL THINKING ACTIVITY 3: Asking Questions to Clarify = 98
• PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT OPPORTUNITY: How to Do a "Think Aloud" = 102
• TRY IT = 103
• FOR YOUR JOURNAL = 104
• BUILDING YOUR PROFESSIONAL PORTFOLIO: Journals about Language Arts Instruction = 104
• Chapter 4 Listening: Beginning to Build the Student Communication Center = 106
• THEORETICAL FOUNDATION: Students' Listening Needs = 108
• PUTTING THEORY INTO PRACTICE: Teaching Students to Listen More Effectively = 109
• STRATEGIES THAT TEACH: Lessons That Improve Students' High Level Listening Abilities = 117
• CRITICAL THINKING ACTIVITY 4: Learning to Detect Propaganda = 123
• PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT OPPORTUNITY: How to Use Paired Instruction = 126
• TRY IT = 128
• FOR YOUR JOURNAL = 129
• BUILDING YOUR PROFESSIONAL PORTFOLIO: Television Teaching Aids = 130
• Chapter 5 Reading Instruction in a Student Communication Center = 132
• THEORETICAL FOUNDATION: Students' Reading Needs = 134
• PUTTING THEORY INTO PRACTICE: Teaching Students to Read New Words = 136
• STRATEGIES THAT TEACH: Improving Students' Decoding Abilities and Speaking/Reading Vocabularies = 156
• CRITICAL THINKING ACTIVITY 5: Teaching Students to Recognize Patterns and Principles While They Listen and Read = 166
• PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT OPPORTUNITY: Developing, Speaking, Reading, Writing, Listening, and Thinking Competencies in a Single Setting = 167
• TRY IT = 170
• FOR YOUR JOURNAL = 170
• BUILDING YOUR PROFESSIONAL PORTFOLIO: Holiday Books = 171
• Chapter 6 Reading Instruction in A Student Communication Center = 176
• THEORETICAL FOUNDATION: Students' Reading and Listening Comprehension Needs = 177
• PUTTING THEORY INTO PRACTICE: Comprehension Strategies = 181
• STRATEGIES THAT TEACH: Lessons and Materials to Build Students' Comprehension = 188
• CRITICAL THINKING ACTIVITY 6: Using Semantic Maps to Strengthen Comprehension = 200
• PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT OPPORTUNITY: How to Conduct Effective Reading Response Groups = 203
• TRY IT = 204
• FOR YOUR JOURNAL = 207
• BUILDING YOUR PROFESSIONAL PORTFOLIO: Textbook Selection Guidelines = 207
• Chapter 7 Writing to Communicate and Think = 210
• THEORETICAL FOUNDATION: Students' Writing Needs = 211
• PUTTING THEORY INTO PRACTICE: Composition Instruction = 216
• STRATEGIES THAT TEACH: Building Students' Writing Ability = 227
• CRITICAL THINKING ACTIVITY 7: Using Journal Writing to Increase Students' Problem Solving Abilities = 234
• PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT OPPORTUNITY: How to Conduct Effective Conferences = 238
• TRY IT = 241
• FOR YOUR JOURNAL = 242
• BUILDING YOUR PROFESSIONAL PORTFOLlO: Bookmaking = 243
• Chapter 8 Revising: Using Grammar, Rewriting, and Rephrasing as Tools to Clarify Meaning = 248
• THEORETICAL FOUNDATION: Students' Need for Grammar Instruction = 249
• PUTTING THEORY INTO PRACTICE: How to Teach Grammar = 256
• STRATEGIES THAT TEACH: Ways to Strengthen Students' Grammar = 262
• CRITICAL THINKING ACTIVITY 8: Using Idioms, Figurative Language, Metaphors, and Similes to Advance Higher Level Thinking = 268
• PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT OPPORTUNITY: How to Teach Story Grammar = 271
• TRY IT = 274
• FOR YOUR JOURNAL = 275
• BUILDING YOUR PROFESSIONAL PORTFOLIO: Ordering Computer Software for Your Language Arts Program = 275
• Chapter 9 Editing: Teaching Spelling and Other Writing Conventions = 278
• THEORETICAL FOUNDATION: Teaching Spelling, Penmanship, and Other Writing Conventions Is Not a "Take It or Leave It" Proposition = 279
• PUTTING THEORY INTO PRACTICE: How to Teach Spelling, Handwriting, Capitalization, and Punctuation = 281
• STRATEGIES THAT TEACH : Creating Daily Lessons to Teach Spelling, Writing Conventions, and Penmanship = 298
• CRITICAL THINKING ACTIVITY 9: Teaching Students to Image to Improve Spelling, Speaking, Reading, Writing, Listening, and Thinking Abilities = 303
• PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT OPPORTUNITY: How to Teach Word Patterns to Improve Spelling, Reading, and Writing Abilities = 307
• TRY IT = 309
• FOR YOUR JOURNAL = 310
• BUILDING, YOUR PROFESSIONAL PORTFOLIO: Spelling Demons = 310
• Chapter 10 Integrating Language Arts Across the Curriculum = 314
• THEORETICAL FOUNDATION: Need to Integrate Language Arts and Content Area Instruction = 315
• PUTTING THEORY INTO PRACTICE: How to Integrate Language Arts into Content Area Instruction = 317
• STRATEGIES THAT TEACH: Building Individual Lessons That Follow These Integrated Approaches to Instruction = 325
• CRITICAL THINKING ACTIVITY 10: Teaching Students to Think Like Scientists, Mathematicians, Social Scientists, and Artists to Increase Their Comprehension of Content Areas = 332
• PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT OPPORTUNITY: Assessing Your Ability to Integrate Language Arts Across the Curriculum = 339
• TRY IT = 341
• FOR YOUR JOURNAL = 342
• BUILDING YOUR PROFESSIONAL PORTFOLIO: Holiday Books to Recommend to Parents and Use in Grades 4-8 = 342
• Chapter 11 Creative Expression: One Step Beyond Integration = 346
• THEORETICAL FOUNDATION: Why Students Need to Develop Creative Thinking = 347
• PUTTING THEORY INTO PRACTICE: How to Increase Students' Creativity = 349
• STRATEGIES THAT TEACH : Ways of Teaching Creativity = 354
• CRITICAL THINKING ACTIVITY 11: Teaching Predictive Thinking = 364
• PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT OPPORTUNITY: How You Cultivate Student Poets and Why It Is Important to Do So = 365
• TRY IT =371
• FOR YOUR JOURNAL = 372
• BUILDING YOUR PROFESSIONAL PORTFOLIO: References for Poetry and Plays = 372
• Chapter 12 Teaching Students to Communicate with High Level Thinking = 376
• THEORETICAL FOUNDATION: The Need for Students to Think Critically = 377
• PUTTING THEORY INTO PRACTICE: Teaching Students to Communicate With High Level Thoughts = 378
• STRATEGIES THAT TEACH: Lessons That Develop Students' High Level Thinking and Communication Abilities = 398
• CRITICAL THINKING ACTIVITY 12: Developing Analytical Thinking Processes through Fairy Tales = 405
• PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT OPPORTUNITY: How to Build Thinking and Communication Abilities through Autobiographies and Biographies = 407
• TRY IT = 408
• FOR YOUR JOURNAL = 409
• BUILDING YOUR PROFESSIONAL PORTFOLIO: Problem-Solving Competitions = 409
• Chapter 13 Special Needs of Kindergartner and Middle School Students = 412
• THEORETICAL FOUNDATION: Kindergartners and Middle School Students' Needs = 413
• PUTTING THEORY INTO PRACTICE: A Typical Day in a Middle School Language Arts Class = 423
• STRATEGIES THAT TEACH: Lessons That Address the Special Needs of Kindergartners and Middle School Students = 425
• CRITICAL THINKING ACTIVITY 13: How To Establish Successful Learning Centers = 430
• PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT OPPORTUNITY: How to Use Mentors in the Student Communication Center = 436
• TRY IT = 438
• FOR YOUR JOURNAL = 440
• BUILDING YOUR PROFESSIONAL PORTFOLlO = 441
• Chapter 14 Students with Special Language Needs: Meeting the Challenge of Diversity In the Classroom = 444
• THEORETICAL FOUNDATION: Students Who Need Special Instruction = 445
• PUTTING THEORY INTO PRACTICE: Tailoring the Student Communication Center for Students with Special Needs = 455
• STRATEGIES THAT TEACH: Students with Special Needs = 461
• CRITICAL THINKING ACTIVITY 14: Narrow Readings, Writings, Speeches, and Listenings Through Authorial Studies = 464
• PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT OPPORTUNITY: How to Use Pen Pals and Letter Writing to Meet Special Student Needs = 465
• TRY IT = 468
• FOR YOUR JOURNAL = 470
• BUILDING YOUR PROFESSIONAL PORTFOLIO: Books to Use for Bibliotherapy = 471
• Chapter 15 Assessing Your Language Arts Program = 478
• THEORETICAL FOUNDATION: Students' Assessment Needs = 479
• PUTTING THEORY INTO PRACTICE: New Assessment Tools = 486
• STRATEGIES THAT TEACH: Transferring Practices Into Grading Periods = 503
• CRITICAL THINKING ACTIVITY 15: How to Teach Students to Use Proactive and Evaluative Communication and Thinking Skills = 507
• PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT OPPORTUNITY: Mid-Year and End-of-Year Evaluation of Your Language Arts Program = 507
• TRY IT = 510
• FOR YOUR JOURNAL = 510
• BUILDING YOUR PROFESSIONAL PORTFOLIO: Tools for Continuous Professional Development = 510
• Answer Key = 512
• Alphabetical Index of Children's Literature Cited in Text : Suggested Uses in the Classroom = 513
• References = 536
• Acknowledgments = 552
• Index = 554