인문,사회과학편 : 시골거주 노인들의 신체활동과 관련된 사회생태학적 의미, 문제, 그리고 개선방안: 혼합 연구 = Socio-ecological Meaning, Concern, and Improvement Plan Associated with Physical Activity in Older Population in Rural Area: A Mixed Method Inquiry

국문 초록 (Abstract)

본 연구의 목적은 시골지역에 거주하는 노인들의 신체활동량과 패턴을 이해하고, 이를 통해 신체활동으로부터 소외계층을 추출하여, 이들이 인지하는 신체활동과 관련된 문제를 이해하고 이를 개선하기 위한 방안을 제시하는 것이다. 이러한 연구의 목적을 달성하기 위해 본 연구는 1차 IPAQ 설문, 그리고 2차 포토보이스 연구를 혼합하여 하용 하였으며, 이것은 혼합연구(mixed method)의 철학적 전통 중 포섭(nesting)적 설계에 해당한다. 포섭적 설계의 목적은 서로 다른 연구의 혼합을 통한 상호보완에 있다. 1차 IPAQ 설문에 응한 총 61명의 노인 중 DHHS에서 제시하는 적절한 수준의 신체활동에 참여하고 있지 않은 14.7%의 노인이 2차 포토보이스 연구에 참여하였으며, 이를 통해 총 4가지의 테마가 도출되었다. 첫째, 부적절한 물리적 환경, 둘째, 병적증세로 인한 불편함, 셋째, 복지시설의 기능적 한계, 그리고 마지막으로 신체활동에 대한 잘못된 인지로 인해 14.7%에 해당하는 연구참여 노인들은 적절한 수준의 신체활동에 참여하고 있지 않았다. 이러한 연구결과에 근거하여 본 연구에서는 개인수준에서의 건강교육, 대인수준에서의 건강정보의 공유 및 상호간의지지, 조직적 및 공동체적 수준에서의 다양한 건강서비스 제공 및 정책수준으로의 제언, 그리고 정책적 수준에서의 보다 적극적인 정책적 변화 및 지원 노력 등의 사회생태학적 수준별 개선방안들을 제시하였다.

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The purpose of this study was to understand physical activity level and pattern of older adults lived in a rural area and to provide improvement plan for those who are physically inactive. This study employed mixed method design including IPAQ and Photovoice technique. Among several mixed method traditions, this study used a "nesting" design. The purpose of the nesting design was complementarity. Total 61 older adults were invited to the first session and 14.7% of those were physically inactive based on DHHS physical activity guideline. In the second session, 9 participants were invited. Participants discussed the following themes associated with their physical activity: inappropriate environment, indisposition due to frailty, functional limits of welfare facilities, and mis-perception of physical activity. Based on these themes, this study attempted to suggest the improvement plans based upon socio-ecological model including health education at the individual level, sharing health related information and interpersonal supports at the interpersonal level, providing diverse health care services and suggestions for public policy at the organizational and community level, and active efforts to change of policy and better supporting at the public policy level.

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