고성능 흐름전극 축전식혼합을 위한 활성탄 기반 탄소나노섬유 CVD 합성 공정 최적화

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

F-CapMix is a renewable salinity gradient energy system that harvests electrical energy via ion adsorption and desorption, yet its power density remains limited by the low
contact probability and poor charge transport between activated carbon (AC) particles. In this study, carbon nanofibers (CNFs) were grown on AC via a chemical vapor
deposition process to enhance charge percolation within the flow-electrode. CNF AC synthesized under varying reaction times and methane flow rates was evaluated in terms of its physicochemical, rheological, and electrochemical properties.The 100 sccm-3 h condition produced CNFs with the highest
conductivity and dispersion stability, forming a continuous conductive network that reduced total cell resistance from 8.395 Ω to 3.402 Ω and increased power density from 0.364 W/m² to 0.881 W/m². In contrast, excessive CNF growth at high methane flow caused agglomeration and disrupted charge percolation. The results show that optimizing methane flow during CVD process is critical for stable dispersion of CNF AC and for achieving improved F-CapMix performance, providing practical guidelines for designing carbon-based flow-electrodes for salinity gradient power generation.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• 목 차 4
• 그림 목차 7
• Equation 목차 11
• Table 목차 12
• Ⅰ. 서론 13
• 1. 연구배경 13
• Ⅱ. 문헌 연구 20
• 1. 축전식혼합 20
• (1) 축전식혼합 20
• (2) Capacitive double layer expansion (CDLE)를 이용한 축전식혼합 22
• (3) Capacitive energy extraction based on the Donnan Potential (CDP)방식을 이용한 축전식혼합 30
• 2. 흐름전극 축전식혼합 (F-CapMix) 34
• (1) 흐름전극 34
• (2) 흐름전극 축전식혼합 35
• 3. 흐름전극용 전극소재 연구개발 동향 38
• Ⅲ. 실험과정 45
• 1. Carbon nanofiber가 성장된 활성탄의 합성 45
• (1) 실험재료 45
• (2) Ni seed가 형성된 활성탄의 합성 45
• (3) CVD 공정을 통한 Carbon nanofibers의 성장유도 46
• Ⅳ. 특성평가 50
• 1. Carbon nanofiber가 성장된 활성탄의 특성평가 50
• (1) SEM 50
• (2) XRD 50
• (3) Raman 51
• (4) BET 51
• (5) Powder conductivity 52
• (6) Rheometer 52
• 2. 흐름전극 축전식혼합 성능평가 54
• (1) 흐름전극 제조 54
• (2) 흐름전극 축전식혼합 단위 셀 조립 54
• (3) 흐름전극 축전식혼합 단위 셀 운전 55
• (4) 흐름전극 축전식혼합 전기화학적 특성평가 57
• (5) 흐름전극 축전식혼합 성능 평가 57
• Ⅴ. 결과 59
• 1. Carbon nanofiber가 성장된 활성탄 특성평가 59
• (1) Ni seed가 형성된 활성탄 59
• (2) 합성시간에 따른 Carbon nanofiber가 성장된 활성탄 62
• (3) 메탄유량에 따른 Carbon nanofiber가 성장된 활성탄 76
• 2. Carbon nanofiber가 성장된 활성탄 기반 흐름전극 평가 88
• (1) 흐름전극 유변학적 특성평가 88
• (2) Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) 분석 98
• (3) 흐름전극 축전식혼합 성능 평가 104
• Ⅵ. 결론 107
• Ⅶ. 참고문헌 109
• Abstract 115
• 감사의 글 117