Biodiversity and insecticide susceptibility status of major Anopheline fauna in three malariogenically stratified districts of Odisha, India

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Understanding the species composition and biodiversity of anopheles mosquito population is a vital part of any malaria control intervention. Similarly, an effective malaria control strategy relies primarily on insecticides. The Anopheline diversity, composition, distribution as well as insectide susceptibility/resistance status were surveyed in three districts of Odisha viz. Kalahandi (southern hyper –endemic district), Bargarh (western meso-endemic district) and Cuttack (sub-coastal hypo-endemic district) which significantly differ from each other according to the malariogenic stratification. Anopheline fauna showed a higher species richness and diversification in Kala handi followed by Cuttack and Bargarh. An. culicifacies, the most abundant primary vector in Odisha, showed resistant to DDT as well as malathion in all three districts with a higher knockdown time in Kalahandi. Except Bargarh and Cuttack, the vector species also showed resistance to deltamethrin in Kalahandi district. The species found susceptible to deltamethrin in Cuttack while in Bargarh, its response was under ‘verification required’. In contrast, the secondary vector, An. annularis showed resistance to DDT in all three districts and to malathion in only Kalahandi district. In Cuttack and Bargarh district, their response against the insecticide malathion was under verification required. The deltamethrin susceptible populations were detected in Cuttack and Bargarh district where as in Kalahandi they came under verification required category. The current study constitutes an essential step for understanding the dynamics of malaria transmission in relation to vector diversification and their resistant status to various insecticides that can provide guide to intervention policies and programmes in the fight against malaria.

참고문헌 (Reference)

1 Sahu, S. S., "susceptibility status of anopheles fluviatilis, anopheles annularis and anopheles culicifacies to insecticides in koraput district of orissa. India" 27 : 51-54, 2014

2 Das, B., "Vectorial capacity and genetic diversity of anopheles annularis(Diptera : Culicidae)mosquitoes in odisha, india from 2009 to 2011" 137 : 130-139, 2014

3 Sahu, S. S., "Triple insecticide resistance in anopheles culicifacies: a practical impediment for malaria control in odisha state. India" 142 : 59-63, 2015

4 Pradhan, A., "Trends in malaria in odisha, india-an analysis of the 2003–2013 time series data from the national vector borne disease control program" 11 (11): 2016

5 Davidson, G., "The practical implications of resistance of malaria vectors to insecticides" 49 : 475-483, 1973

6 Barraud, P. J., "The fauna of British India, including Ceylon and Burma. Diptera. Vol V. Family Culicidae Tribes Megarhinini and Culicini, 5" Taylor and Francis 463-, 1934

7 Breman, J. G., "The ears of the hippopotamus: manifestations, determinants and estimates of the malaria burden" 64s : 1-11, 2011

8 Das, M., "Suceptibility of DDT, dieldrin and malathion resistant anopheles culicifacies population to deltamethrin" 2 : 553-555, 1986

9 Vanlalhruaia, K., "Screening insecticide susceptibility status of anopheles vagus and anopheles philipinensis from mizoram. India" 9 : 185-192, 2014

10 Sahu, S. S., "Response of malaria vectors to conventional insecticides in the southern districts of odisha state" 139 : 294-300, 2014

11 Singh, O. P., "Presence of two alternatives kdr-like mutations, L1014F, L1014S and a novel mutation, V1010L, in the voltage gated Na+ channel of anopheles culicifacies from orissa" 9 : 146-, 2010

12 Sahu, S. S., "Persistent foci of falciparum malaria among tribes over two decades in koraput district of odisha state" 12 : 1-8, 2013

13 Raghavendra, K., "Persistence of DDT, malathion and deltamethrin resistance in anopheles culicifacies after their sequential withdrawal from indoor residual spraying in surat district" 132 : 260-264, 2010

14 Nagpal, B. N., "Mosquitoes of coastal orissa" 2 : 141-145, 1983

15 Dash, S., "Mosquito diversity in chilika lake area, Orissa" 28 : 1-6, 2011

16 Djadid, N. D., "Monitering pyrethroid insecticide resistance in major malaria vector anopheles culicifacies : comparison of molecular tools and conventional susceptibility test" 11 : 169-176, 2007

17 Dykes, C. L., "Knockdown resistance(kdr)mutations in Indian anopheles culicifacies populations" 8 : 333-, 2015

18 Sharma, S. K., "Insecticide susceptibility status of malaria vectors in some hyper endemic tribal districts of orissa" 87 : 1718-1726, 2004

19 Chand, S. K., "Insecticide susceptibility of mosquito vectors in sundergarh district. Orissa" 28 : 65-68, 1991

20 Nauen, R., "Insecticide resistance in disease vectors of public health importance" 63 (63): 628-633, 2007

21 Rivero, A., "Insecticide control for vector borne diseases: when is insecticide resistance a problem?" 6 : e1001000-, 2010

22 Read, A. F., "How to make evolution –proof insecticides for malaria control" 7 (7): 2009

23 Sutherst, R. W., "Global change and human vulnerability to vector-borne diseases" 17 (17): 136-173, 2004

24 Anvikar, A. R., "Epidemiology of plasmodium vivax malaria in india" 95 (95): 108-120, 2016

25 Pradhan, N., "Epidemiological profile of malaria among various socio-demographic groups in a western district of odisha" 1 : 37-45, 2018

26 Southwood, T. R. E., "Ecological methods" Blackwell science 575-, 2000

27 Medeiros-Sousa, A. R., "Diversity and abundance of mosquitoes(Diptera : Culicidae)in an urban park : larval habitats and temporal variation" 150 : 200-209, 2015

28 Killeen, G. F., "Developing an expanded vector control toolbox for malaria elimination" 2 (2): e000211-, 2017

29 Krishnamurthy, B. S., "DDT resistance in a. culicifacies Giles, 1901 and a. annularis van der wulp 1884 in a village of meerut district. Uttar Pradesh" 16 : 375-377, 1962

30 Mohlmann, T. W. R., "Community analysis of abundance and diversity of mosquito species(diptera : culicidae)in three european countries at different latitudes" 10 : 510-, 2017

31 Kumar, A., "Burden of malaria in India:retrospective and prospective view" (Suppl6) : 69-78, 2007

32 Tchuinkam, T., "Bionomics of anophleline species and malaria transmission dynamics along an altitudinal transect in western cameroon" 10 : 119-, 2010

33 Sahu, S. S., "Bionomics of anopheles fluviatilis and anopheles culicifacies(diptera : culicidae)in relation to malaria transmission in eastcentral india" 54 (54): 821-830, 2017

34 Kerketta, A. S., "Assessment of the therapeutic efficacy of chloroquine in the treatment of uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria in a tribal block of the kalahandi district of orissa" 38 (38): 82-84, 2008

35 Raghavendra, K., "A note on the insecticide susceptibility status of principal malaria vector anopheles culicifacies in four states of India" 51 : 230-234, 2014

36 Abbott, W. S., "A method of computing the effectiveness of an insecticide" 18 (18): 265-267, 1925