힌디어로 "말하기" 구사를 위한 방법 연구 1 = A Study on Developing Fluency in Hindi Speaking 1 : Focussed on Semantic unit of Expressions and Actions in Daily Life

국문 초록 (Abstract)

본고에서는 "힌디로 흐름을 말하는 방법을 익히는 과정의 단계"를 훈련시키기 위해서 자신의 일상생활의 행위들을 힌디 의미 단위로 계속 이어 말하는 형태의 훈련을 시키는 방법을 목적으로 하되 그것의 연습 과정을 정하여 수행하도록 시도하여 보았다. 초보자들의 경우 이 단계에서는 정해진 규칙에 따라서 진행할 수 있도록 일종의 틀 을 만들어서 그 틀 에 따라 어느 정도 표준화된 형식으로 이러한 행위를 표현하는 의미 단위 형태로서 동작을 나타내는 동사를 사용하고 훈련 과정을 수행하도록 연습시킨다. 첫 번째 단계로서 동사와 1인칭, 현재시제로 제한하여 그 범위를 정하였다. 여기에서 1인칭으로 범위를 제한한 까닭은 자기 자신의 일을 본인이 가장 잘 이해하고 표현할 수 있기 때문이다. 본 연구에서 위의 제한된 범위만을 중심으로 표현하는 방법을 연구하기 위하여 부제로 표기된 "의미 단위 표현을 중심으로" 하는 표현 방법을 채택하였음을 밝힌다.

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This article presents a study on developing impressive speaking skills in a non-native language (Or a laungage other than mother language). In this study Hindi Languge has been focused.
In fact, when we talk about fluency in any langauge, one observes that how clearly/easily can you express different actions and deeds in that language at present. Flow is the most important thing in speaking. If a conversation lose consistancy, it can never convey the real message. The importance of flow has been emphasized in this article. There are two kinds of flow: Flow of language itself and other is flow of conversation on particular time. First one depends on the speaker’s knowledge about language’s grammar and vocabulary while later one depends on the speaker’s knowledge about that subject and given title of conversation. Flow of language is basic requirement for a non-native speaker while the flow in converstaion can be developed later.
Here, we present a different method for developing fluency in a non-native language by making a pre study curriculum on certain actions on daily life. Presuming the condition that a speaker has a knowledge about certain situations, how his thinking process works while expressing a scenario in Hindi. The speed of thinking and speaking must be the same to convey proper information. In real, the two acts (Thinking and speaking) have a time difference usually. If the lagging time between the two acts is much more than threshold limits, flow gets crashed instantly. In the lack of this flow, conversation loses its consistancy too.
If someone really wants to speak a non-native lanuage in a natural manner, flow should be maintained naturally. It’s very difficult to acheive the fluency level without maintaining the flow. In order to aquire a consistent flow, speeds of the frames of speaking and thinking must be synchronized. The level of synchronization and balance gets better with time. Obviously, it takes a lot of efforts and massive amount of practice and exercise to acheive a satisfactory level of speaking a non-native language. But after a certain period it grows very fast and learners grab complete command on language.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• 국문요약
• Ⅰ. 서론
• Ⅱ. 본론
• Ⅲ. 결론
• 참고문헌
• Abstract

참고문헌 (Reference)

1 신성철, "커뮤니케이션이론과 외국어교육" 충남대학교 언어연구소 (5) : 1981

2 정정섭, "외국어교육" 학문사 1969

3 이맹성, "외국어과교육" 한국능력개발사 1975

4 문용, "심리학적 배경 <영어교수법>" 신웅사 1984

5 Karz, Jerrord J., "The Structure of a Semantic Theory" 39 : 170-210, 1963

6 Pyles, Thomas, "The Origin and Development of the English Languaes" Harcourt Brace Jovanorich, Inc. 1971

7 Chomsky, Noam, "Syntactic Structure" The Hague Mouton 1957

8 Allen, W. S., "Living English Speech" Longmans 1954

9 Stern, H. H., "Foreign Languages in Primary Education" Oxford Univ. Press 1963

10 전상범, "FLES에 관한 몇가지 문제들" 23 : 1981

11 Ausubel, David, "Adults vs. Children in Second Languages Learning Phychological Considerations" 48 : 1964

12 전상범, "Adults vs. Children FL Learning: Psychological Conditions" 서울대학교 1981

13 Chomsky, Noam, "A Transformational Approachto Syntax" The Univ. of Texas 1962