Conservative Corporatism of Developmental States: One Common Outcome of Low Inequality Between Conservative and Social Democratic Corporatism = Conservative Corporatism of Developmental States: One Common Outcome of Low Inequality Between Conservative and Social Democratic Corporatism

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

My research provides a conceptualization of conservative corporatism compared to social democratic corporatism and, by extension, proposes a typology of the developmental state compared to the welfare state. Developmental states, such as Japan, South Korea, and Taiwan, maintained low inequality in the long term during rapid industrialization despite weak welfare regimes and low social expenditures. Why have both East Asian developmental states and European corporatist states commonly maintained long-term low inequality despite their contrasting ideologies of conservativism versus social democracy respectively? Developmental states have created state-led asymmetric coordination with firms but without labor. Both conservative corporatism and social democratic corporatism differ in the formation of the conservative welfare state and the social democratic welfare state respectively, but both have commonly maintained long-term low inequality. Developmental states’ conservative corporatism maintained egalitarianism with progressive land reforms, near-full employment, and educational improvement despite the absence of institutionalized welfare regimes. Social democratic corporatism can promote the state’s inclusiveness by sustaining a broad consensus between classes and, by extension, provide a roadmap for the inclusive state to realize economic democratization and to overcome inequality caused by the COVID-19 pandemic.