연구논문 : 한라산 영실지역 구상나무림의 식생구조 연구 = ORIGINAL ARTICLES : A Study on the Vegetation Structure of Abies koreana Forest in Yeongsil Area of Hallasan Mountain

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This study’s purpose was to provide basic data for the monitoring of ecological changes caused by change of vegetation structure of Abies koreana forest in a study site susceptible to climatic change in Yeongsil area of Hallasan Mountain, Jeju Island. Surveys revealed this: in Yeongsil area of Hallasan Mountain, per 1 ha of A. koreana forests, total number 1,781, and A. koreana number 989, accounting for 55.5% of the total number of trees. 190 A. koreana or 19.2% were found to be dead. For the number of individual trees by DBH, trees standing 5 ㎝ -10 ㎝ tall formed the largest portion at 39.9%, and in the case of other trees except A. koreana, the number of individual trees below 5 ㎝ accounted for 23.5% of the total number of trees. The survey of importance by height revealed this: at the top level, the importance of A. koreana was the highest at 106.23, but the sum of importance of temperate deciduous broad-leaved trees (Prunus maximowiczii, Quercus mongolica, and Taxus cuspidata) was higher at 142.84 than that of A. koreana. The analysis of species diversity revealed 0.645 species diversity for the tree layer and 0.817 for the shrub layer; for evenness, 0.549 for the tree layer and 0.664 for the shrub layer; for dominance value; 0.451 for the tree layer and 0.336 for the shrub layer. The analysis of tree vitality revealed that for the A. koreana forests in Yeongsil, the composition ratio of A. koreana by type is AS type>AL type>DS type >DB type, and that of the other trees is AL type>AS type>AF type>AB type. Compared with the forests in other areas, the A. koreana forests in the Yeongsil area have a very high occurrence rate of dead trees, and a high importance of trees is shown in the deciduous broad-leaved tree forests. Compared with the A. koreana forests in the Jindallaebat area, with the same level above sea, the vegetation structures are fast changing. Also, due to dryness and other non-physical environmental changes caused by a lack of rainwater and dry winds in winter, dead trees are fast increasing in number. Environmental changes such as climate change diversely affect the maintenance of A. koreana in individual areas, and if environmental changes are fast and continue long, of the A. koreana forest areas in the Hallasan Mountain, the A. koreana forests in the Yeongsil area will decrease fastest in number and will experience changes in the vegetation structure. Thus, it is necessary to survey the vegetation changes in A. koreana forests, which are distributed in all directions but are centered on Hallasan Mountain, and to thus conduct long-term monitoring and research.

참고문헌 (Reference)

1 이상철, "한라산국립공원 동사면의 해발고별 식생변화 및 구조" 한국환경생태학회 24 (24): 26-36, 2010

2 김찬수, "한라산 천연보호구역의 식물상과 생활형" 한국환경과학회 16 (16): 1257-1269, 2007

3 임종환, "한라산 구상나무 건전개체와 쇠약개체의 항산화효소활성 및 토양특성" 한국임학회 96 (96): 14-20, 2007

4 임종환, "한라산 구상나무 건전개체와 쇠약개체의 온도변화에 따른 광합성능력과 수분이용효율" 한국임학회 95 (95): 705-710, 2006

5 임창수, "지리지형적 조건에 따른 강수량 추세 분포" 한국수자원학회 42 (42): 385-396, 2009

6 추갑철, "지리산국립공원 칠선계곡지역의 식생구조" 한국환경생태학회 23 (23): 22-29, 2009

7 설동일, "지구 온난화와 태풍의 변화 경향" 한국항해항만학회 34 (34): 453-458, 2010

8 조현제, "월악산 주요 임분의 종조성과 구조: 국가장기생태연구지소를 중심으로" 한국생태학회 29 (29): 531-537, 2006

9 김남신, "아고산 지역의 구상나무 분포 변화에 관한 연구" 한국환경복원기술학회 16 (16): 49-57, 2013

10 송정호, "분비․구상나무 天然集團의 毬果, 種子, 苞針特性 變異" 한국임학회 97 (97): 565-569, 2008

11 송정호, "분비.구상나무 천연집단의 침엽특성 변이" 한국임학회 96 (96): 387-392, 2007

12 김현숙, "덕유산국립공원 현존식생 분포현황 및 천이 연구" 한국환경생태학회 25 (25): 37-46, 2011

13 최영은, "덕유산 국립공원 향적봉 일대 삼림식생의 군락분포에 관한 연구" 한국하천호수학회 46 (46): 289-300, 2013

14 이승호, "기후변화가 농업생태에 미치는 영향 -나주지역을 사례로-" 대한지리학회 43 (43): 20-35, 2008

15 Chung, J. M., "Vegetation structure, regeneration niche, and dynamics of the saplings in Abies koreana forest of the Mt. Chiri" 85 (85): 34-43, 1996

16 Kong, W. S., "The vertical distribution of air temperature and thermal amplitude of Alpine Plants on Mt. Halla, Cheju Island, Korea" 34 (34): 385-393, 1999

17 KMA, "The Korea Climate Change Prospect Report" 151-, 2012

18 National Institute of Meteorological Research, "The Application of Regional Climate Chang Scenario for the National Climate Chang Report (Ⅲ)" Korea Meteorological Administration 559-, 2007

19 Kim, G. T., "Studies on the structure of forest community at Myungsun-bong, Tokp’yongbong area in Chirisan national Park-Abies koreana forest" 13 (13): 299-308, 2000

20 National Institute of Meteorological Research, "See the Climate Change Ⅳ-Climate Change of Jeju" 2010

21 Lim, B. S., "Pilot projects for national long-term ecological research: Protocols and Guidelines" Ministry of Environment 404-, 2004

22 Lim, Y. J., "On the dominance-diversity in the forest vegetation of Mt. Halla National Park" 14 (14): 257-271, 1991

23 National Institute of Environmental Research, "National long-Term Ecological Research Project (Ⅱ)" Ministry of Environment 1-, 2009

24 Research Institute of Hallasan, "Korean Fir in Mt. Halla. Jeju Special Self-Governing Province"

25 Antos, J. A., "Growth patterns prior to mortality of mature Abies lasiocarpa in old-growth subalpine forests of southern British Columbia" 255 : 1568-1574, 2008

26 Antos, J. A., "Dynamics of an old-growth, fire-initiated, subalpine forest in southern interior British Columbia : tree size, age, and spatial structure" 32 : 1935-1946, 2002

27 Oh, S. J., "Diurnal and seasonal variation of chlorophyll fluorescence from korean fir plants on Mt. Halla" 19 (19): 43-48, 2001

28 Kim, C. S., "Distribution and taxonomic charac -teristics of Abies Koreana, Investigation Report of Hallasan Natural Reserve." Jeju Special Self-Governing Province 451-471, 2006

29 Koo, K. A., "Dendrochronological analysis of Abies koreana W. at Mt. Halla, Korea : Effects of climate change on the growths" 24 (24): 281-288, 2001

30 Kim, G. T., "Comparison of growth condition of Abies Koreana Wilson by districts" 14 (14): 80-87, 2000

31 Kang, S. J., "A phytosociological description of the Abies koreana forest on Mt. Halla in Cheju Island, Korea" 20 (20): 293-298, 1997