한스릭의 형식주의 음악미학 = Hanslick’s Formalism Music Aesthetics

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This paper aims to comprehend Hanslick’s theory of music which represents formalism. There are formalism theory and expression theory that define art, and these theories are mainly formed on the basis of formative arts. Formalism theory is advantageous in explaining abstract art that flourished in the United States in the middle of the 20th century. Expression theory is advantageous in explaining expressive art that emphasizes the expression of internal emotions in the early 20th century. Both theories have advantageous in explaining plastic arts, not universal theories that are valid for all art genres.
If art theory developed mainly on the basis of plastic arts, what theory can properly explain music? In the history of music, vocal music was mainstream in Renaissance music and baroque music, so the idea that music had its own language lay underneath. Expressionism is the theory that represents this position. But in the 19th century, instrumental music takes its place as a paradigm of music, so that formalism influences musicology.
Hanslick advocated absolute music that emphasizes pure musical elements by distinguishing the effects of music from the music itself. Hanslick liberated music from the subordination of emotion by criticizing the emotional aesthetics of music as an expression of emotion. For Hanslick, emotions are secondary effects of musical beauty. Instead, Hanslick defines that “the content of music is tonally moving forms.” Music is not the content of a particular emotion, but only the form of sound.
In order to study Hanslick’s musical thought, one must first of all understand the emotional aesthetics that Hanslick criticized. First, I will explore the context of ancient Greek aesthetic history in which emotional aesthetics was born. Secondly, I will explore the romanticism and popular romantic music. The romanticism which was an extension of emotional aesthetics advocated artistic autonomy and absolute music through instrumental music, and popular romantic music that was popular in Vienna influenced Hanslick’s musical thought. Third, I will explore Hanslick’s criticism of emotional aesthetics. Fourth, I will explore Hanslick’s musical aesthetics about the essence of music and the beauty of music. In conclusion, I will summarize the positive aspects and limitations of Hanslick's musical thought and conclude the essay.

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