정의 윤리와 배려 윤리에 비추어 본 초등학교 도덕교과서 분석 = A Contents Analysis of Elementary Moral Textbooks in view of Justice/Care-related Values

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The purpose of this study is to analyze the contents concerning justice ethics and care ethics of elementary moral textbooks in the 7th national curriculum of Korea. In Korea, the school curriculum has been enacted by the Ministry of Education and Human Resources, and uniform through the nation. And one of Korean cultural tendencies is known to be feminine rather than masculine. Justice ethics representative of Kant, Rawls, and Kohlberg has given priority of justice over other values, whereas care ethics representative of Gilligan, and Noddings has given priority of care over other values. It is well received that justice belongs to typical masculine values, and care, typical feminine values. As far as schooling has reflected the culture of a certain society or nation considerably, moral textbooks of Korean schooling cannot be free from this fact. Then how much have moral textbooks of Korean schooling reflected care values which may be accepted as one of Korean cultural tendencies and how much dealt with justice ethics, esp. in elementary schools? This study tackles on this issue. The subjects of analysis are the elementary moral textbooks of the 7th national curriculum from first to six grade, And each subject matter of elementary moral textbooks from first to six grade has been examined against the following two aspects (i) whether each subject matter reflects justice/care-related values or not, (ii) if so, does it reflect justice-related values or care-related values? Respect for others` rights, fairness, equality, democratic procedures, law-abiding etc. belong to justice-related values. And care-related values are divided into two parts (i) prudential care-related values which include kindness, concession, promise-keeping, consideration, etc. (ii) altruistic care-related values, sacrifice, total commitment, devotion, etc, The results of this analysis may be summarized as follows, First, there was fairly equal in ratio between justice-related values and care-related values in elementary moral textbooks of the 7th national curriculum from first to six grade, Turning on the view that both justice-related values and care-related values need to be balanced in ratio of moral textbooks, this is considerably desirable. Second, on the division of care-related values into prudential and altruistic, prudential care-related values was put more frequently in lower grades, whereas altruistic, in higher grades of elementary moral textbooks of the 7th national curriculum. This is also desirable when considering the cognitive/personality development of children`s age. Still, there remains a certain theoretical issue: is it desirable to balance justice-related values with care-related values in moral textbooks? or is it more desirable to integrate justice-related values with care-related values in moral textbooks? Though how to integrate these values is not clear?