19세기 초 羅州 鄕吏層의 契 組織과 邑權의 동향 = The Kye Organization Established by the Hyangni Class in Naju and District Power Trends during the Early 19th Century

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

By analyzing the Pansukye (班首契) and Inochak taechang kwangye (吏奴作隊將官契) organized by the hyangni class in the Naju area during the early part of the 19th century, this study attempts to identify the main characteristics of the hyangni (local clerks) class during the late Choson era. The researcher also conducted an in-depth analysis of the trends in terms of ?pkw?n (邑權, district power). The Pansukye and Inochak taechang kwangye were established in 1804 (the 4th year of King Sunjo) by the hyangni class in the Naju area. Like the hyangni kye (契, associations organized for purposes such as the pooling and lending of capital amongst the groups members) established in other areas, these two organizations were autonomous bodies designed to facilitate the pursuit of class interests and to preserve the order of the hyangni society.
The hyangni kye in the Naju area was characterized by the participation of the hyangim (鄕任) and muim (武任). While the hyangni, hyangim, and muim were the major district power groups during the late Choson era, in the Naju area the chwasu (座首) and chonch´ong (千摠), who were high-level hyangim and muim, were chosen as the directors of the Inochakdae (吏奴作隊) by the Pansukye (association of senior hyangni) members. The regular members of the hyangni class also participated in the selection of the directors of the Inochakdae. The Inochak taechang kwangye, which was composed of the selected directors, was thus a body that was subordinate to the Pansukye.
The relationship between the Pansukye and the Inochak taechang kwangye makes it possible to analyze the dynamic relationship that existed between the various district power groups during the latter period of Chos?n. The expansion and complication of the management of administrative affairs during the late Chos?n era allowed the hyangni class to maintain its exclusive control over power at the expense of the hyangim and muim classes. Based on their ability to exercise their influence over the hyangim and muim classes, the Naju hyangni were able to organize the Pansukye. As a result, the hyangni class emerged as the main district power in Naju during the early 19th century.
Nevertheless, the power of the hyangni class within the district was heavily dependent on the sury?ng (守令, district magistrate). Even though the hyangni class was able to control administrative affairs by establishing their own regulations, these could be ignored by the sury?ng if he chose to do so. The hyangni class was able to use their social status to influence the management of districts during the latter period of Choson. However, their power was limited in that they could not exercise it without the sury?ngs support.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• Ⅰ. 머리말
• Ⅱ. 契組織 성립의 배경
• Ⅲ. 契組織 분석
• Ⅳ. 鄕吏層과 邑權의 동향
• Ⅴ. 맺음말
• 〈ABSTRACT〉