핵확산의 국제정치와 비확산체제의 위기 = 북한과 이란의 사례연구

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Although the nuclear nonproliferation regime appears to have pre-vented relatively well the spread of nuclear weapons toward non-nuclear states since the late 1960s, the future of the regime seems to be neither stable nor optimistic. In fact, it faces a serious crisis, and one of the most significant challenges comes from weak states like North Korea and Iran which try to develop nuclear weapons program. This paper examines the diverse challenges raised by these nations and explains the nonproliferation regime's inability to meet them. The challenges include the issue of withdrawal from the NPT, the regime's vulnerability to member states' noncooperative behaviors like reluctant or ex post facto confession of violation and refusal to cooperate with the IAEA. This paper argues that these challenges result not only from the regime's structural limitation but also from the strong influence of international anarchy and power politics in the nuclear issue. Because the regime has much difficulty in preventing even weak nations' efforts when they try to develop nuclear weapons in the name of security, it is necessary to recognize the regional political context in dealing with the challenges. It is of course important to correct the structural weaknesses in the regime itself, but power politics and political consideration in international anarchy is inherent in the nuclear issue.