초기기독교공동체의 동반자적 리더십과 공생 ―고린도교회와 장회익의 온생명 사상을 중심으로 = Partner-like Leadership and Symbiosis in the Early Christian Community - Focused on the Church at Corinth

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The purpose of this study is to discover the symbiotic life of the Christianity community under capitalism, especially in the globalism flow; further purposes are to find a Biblical model that can be a new perceptional frame and at the same time to find Korean ideals in the moral theory of possessing, sharing, power, and distribution for mutual life-giving. In order to realize the mission to “Revive your relationship with yourself, revive your relationship with your neighbors, revive your relationship with nature, and revive your relationship with God’ which is a common goal for mutual life-giving on the earth”, it is necessary to understand the current crisis situation derived from the broken relationship between humanity and humanity, which has been expressed most directly recently. In addition, as a perceptional frame to form a partner-like leadership in order to independently practice mutual life-giving in this situation, this study examines the partner-like leadership model of Paul and Apollos from the Church at Corinth, which was an early Christian community. Also the perceptional frame of the unique Korean ideal called Global Life (Jang Hoi-ik) would be appropriate.
The fundamental effort to revive the relationship between humanity and humanity comes from having a wholeness perception on life. Jang Hoi-ik views the general meaning of life as a self-sufficient unit that can survive without any external help, and sees the things within that system as Global Life. The key to the Global Life concept is that life;which is often thought of in terms of humans, animals, and plants;is not just something that exists as an individual unit. More specifically,individual lives are components of a large organism referred to as the One True Life. The concept of Global Life is based on the concept of life as defined by the theory of thermodynamics. Individual Life also has a relatively independent spiritual aspect that survives after the body dies. However, Global Life cannot exist without individual life, and vise versa. The value of Global Life absolutely contains the value of individual life. Therefore, the two concepts cannot be compared because they cannot be viewed separately. Jang Hoi-ik’s primary concern is that people see only the individual lives without seeing the Global Life. These two need to be seen together. It is wrong to think that the term Global Life means that the entire cosmos has a life. Actually, Global Life exists within an extremely limited scope of time and space, and the vast majority of the cosmos is utterly lifeless. According to the theory of Global Life,individual life exists within Global Life and is mutually-dependant on co-life. Humanity exists within Global Life and has been compared with abnormal cancer cells. It is a well-known fact that cancer cells forget their roles inside the body and expand their numbers without control.
Humanity is made up of individual lives that exist in a symbiotic,utterly-dependent relationship with Global Life. Humanity is also aware of its actions, yet it continues to destroy Global Life. When the existing trend of life is viewed by using the chain of cause and effect through the underlying laws of nature, forms of life and co-life are intermingled in such a way as that they cannot be separated from each other, and their combination consists of the whole existence that is independent from external conditions, called Global Life. Therefore, Global Life is a totality of life that is able to support the activites of life without fundamental support from the outside. Therefore, it should be correct to call this (and only this) ‘Life’, but since the term life is used in various ways, it is necessary to call this ‘Global Life’ meaning ‘The Totality of Life’.

참고문헌 (Reference)

1 Gnanakan, Ken, "환경신학" UCN 2005

2 김진현, "한국 선진화(先進化)의 길, 그 끝은 ‘선진화(善進化)’이다, in 상생과 평화, 공동선을 위하여" 신사회공동선운동연합 119-130, 2006

3 김여수, "평화를 위한 문명 간 갈등과 대화, in 상생과 평화, 공동선을 위하여" 신사회공동선운동연합 79-94, 2006

4 톰 라이트, "톰 라이트, 바울의 복음을 말하다" 에클레시아북스 2011

5 노엄 촘스키, "촘스키, 희망을 묻다 전망에 답하다" 책보세 2011

6 배재학, "지식자산에 대한 경영전략적 평가모형 개발. 아산재단 연구총서 88집" 집문당 2001

7 김우창, "지속 가능한 삶을 위하여, in 상생과 평화, 공동선을 위하여" 신사회공동선운동연합 97-118, 2006

8 박총, "주님이 온생명, 내가 낱생명입니다: 장회익 서울대 명예교수 인터뷰" (249) : 78-87, 2011

9 교수신문, "종합과 혼융, 구체성 획득은 미지수. 오늘의 우리 이론 어디로 가는가. 현대 한국의 자생이론 20" 생각의 나무 2003

10 유동식, "종교와 예술의 뒤안길에서: 종교와 예술이 어우러진 신학적 수필집" 한들출판사 2002

11 Warnke, Martin, "정치적 풍경" 일빛 1997

12 이근식, "자유와 상생: 새로운 시대정신을 찾아서. 이근식 자유주의 사상총서 01" 기파랑 2005

13 안은수, "유학의 생태 친화적 자연관, in 지금, 여기의 유학 Hic et Nunc Confucius. 개정증보판" 성균관대학교 출판부 252-271, 2006

14 교수신문, "온생명은 정신과 문화가 담긴 과학입니다. 오늘의 우리 이론 어디로 가는가. 현대 한국의 자생이론 20" 생각의 나무 134-138, 2003

15 장회익, "온생명과 환경, 공동체적 삶" 생각의 나무 2008

16 이혁배, "신자유주의에 대한 경제윤리적 성찰" 한국기독교학회 (71) : 203-223, 2010

17 Kee, H. C, "신약성서이해. 재판" 한국신학연구소 1991

18 이대성, "세계화 시대의 기독교 — 대학의 세계화와 기독교이해 과목" 한국대학선교학회 (16) : 11-37, 2009

19 장윤재, "세계화 시대, 생명과 평화의 선교" 8 : 43-113, 2005

20 박정진, "세계화 상황에서의 한국 개신교의 선교" 한국대학선교학회 (10) : 89-126, 2006

21 Williams, "성경사전" IVP 1992

22 전방욱, "생명의 미래" 사이언스북스 2005

23 Groome, Thomas H, "생명을 위한 교육: 모든 교사와 부모를 위한 영적 비전" 한국장로교출판사 2001

24 박이문, "생명 존중의 윤리와 인류의 미래, in 상생과 평화, 공동선을 위하여" 신사회공동선운동연합 11-23, 2006

25 장회익, "삶과 온생명" 솔 1998

26 김판임, "바울파와 아볼로파, 고린도교회 분쟁의 실상에 관한 연구" 한국대학선교학회 (20) : 181-208, 2011

27 차정식, "바울신학탐구" 대한기독교서회 2005

28 Bruce, F. F, "바울신학" 기독교문서선교회 2001

29 전경수, "문화시대의 문화학" 일지사 2000

30 장회익, "문명의 미래와 생명윤리, in 상생과 평화, 공동선을 위하여" 신사회공동선운동연합 51-62, 2006

31 임희모, "몽골의 사막화방지 생태선교 -기독교환경운동연대의 ‘은총의 숲’ 프로젝트를 중심으로" 한국기독교학회 (71) : 295-319, 2010

32 장윤재, "모든 세계화는 좋은 것인가?- 신자유주의 세계화 담론에 대한 신학적 성찰" 한국대학선교학회 (14) : 213-248, 2008

33 태혜숙, "다인종 다문화 시대의 미국문화읽기" 도서출판 이후 2009

34 김희성, "그 중에 제일은 사랑이라: 설교를 위한 고린도전서연구" 한국성서학연구소 1999

35 이봉재, "과학과 형이상학의 갈림길에 선 생명사상, in 오늘의 우리 이론 어디로 가는가. 현대 한국의 자생이론 20" 생각의 나무 127-133, 2003

36 장회익, "과학과 메타과학" 지식산업사 1997

37 장회익, "공부도둑: 한 공부꾼의 자기 이야기" 생각의 나무 2008

38 크리스토프 센프트, "고린토인들에게 보낸 첫째 편지" 성서와 함께 2004

39 윤철원, "고린도전서 다시읽기: 현대교회를 위한 신학적 답변" 한국성서학연구소 2011

40 데이비드 프라이어, "고린도전서 강해" IVP 1999

41 Yunus, Muhammad, "가난없는 세상을 위하여: 사회적 기업과 자본주의의 미래" 도서출판 물푸레 2008

42 Tucker, J. Brian, "You Belong to Christ: Paul and the Formation of Social Identity in 1 Corinthians 1-4" Pickwick Publications 2010

43 Horrell, David G, "The Social Ethos of the Corinthian Correspondence: Interests and Ideology from 1 Corinthians to 1 Clement" T&T Clark 1996

44 Mihaila,Corin, "The Paul-Apollos Relationship and Paul’s Stance toward Greco-Roman Rhetoric: An Exegetical and Socio-historical study of 1 Corinthians 1-4" T&T Clark 2009

45 Murphy-O'Connor,J, "The First Letter To The Corinthians, in The New Jerome Biblical Commentary" Geoffrey Chapman 798-815, 1990

46 De Boer, Martinus C, "The Composition of 1 Corinthians" 40 : 229-245, 1994

47 Fiorenza, E. S, "Rhetorical Situation and Historical Reconstrution in 1 Corinthians" 33 : 386-403, 1987

48 Talbert,C.H, "Reading Corinthians: A Literary and Theological Commentary On 1 and 2 Corinthians" The Crossroad Publishing Company 1987

49 Holmes, Barbara A, "Race and The Cosmos: An Invitation to View the World Differently" Trinity Press International 2002

50 Welborn, L. L, "Paul, the Fool of Christ: A Study of 1 Corinthians 1-4 in the Comic-Philosophic Tradition" T&T Clark International 2005

51 Chow,John K, "Patronage and Power: A Study of Social Networks in Corinth" JSOT Press 1992

52 Welborn, L. L, "On the Discord in Corinth: 1 Corinthians 1-4 and Ancient Politics" 106 (106): 85-111, 1987

53 Murphy-O'Connor, J, "Interpolations in 1 Corinthians" 48 (48): 81-94, 1986

54 Willis, Wendell Lee, "Idol Meat in Corinth: The Pauline Argument in 1 Corinthians 8 and 10" Scholars Press 1985

55 Keener, C. S, "IVP 성경배경주석: 신약" IVP 1998

56 Bassler, Jouette M, "I Corinthians 4:1-5" 44 (44): 179-183, 1990

57 Horrell, David G, "Greening Paul: Rereading The Apostle in a Time of Ecological Crisis" Baylor University Press 2010

58 Tutu, Desmond, "Foreword. vii-viii. in The Earth Story in the New Testament" Sheffield Academic Press 2002

59 Meeks, W. A, "First Urban Christians: The Moral World of the First Christians" SPCK 1987

60 Snyder, G. F, "First Corinthians: A Faith Community Commentary" Mercer Univ. Press 1992

61 Hays,R.B, "First Corinthians: A Bible Commentary for Teaching and Preaching" John Knox Press 1989

62 Edwards,Denis, "Ecology at the Heart of Faith" Orbis Books 2006

63 Fiore, Benjamin, "Covert Allusion in 1 Corinthians 1-4" 47 (47): 85-102, 1985

64 Witherington, III. Ben, "Conflict and Community in Corinth: A Socio-Rhetorical Commentary on 1 and 2 Corinthians" The Paternoster Press 1995

65 Hooker, M. D, "Beyond The Things Which are Written': An Examination of I Cor. IV. 6" 10 : 127-132, 1963

66 Brown, R. E, "An Introduction to the New Testament" Doubleday 1997

67 Gundry, R. H, "A Survey of the New Testament. Revised Edition; Grand Rapids" Zondervan Publishing House 1981

68 Strugnell, John, "A Plea for Conjectural Emendation in the New Testament, with A Coda on 1 Cor 4:6" 36 : 543-558, 1974

69 Welborn, L. L, "A Conciliation Principle in 1 Cor. 4:6" 4 : 320-321, 1987

70 이인영, "21세기 생명과학의 발전과 생명, in 상생과 평화, 공동선을 위하여" 신사회공동선운동연합 41-49, 2006