형제자매 괴롭힘 경험과 내면화 문제간의 관계에서 친구관계의 질에 의해 조절된 또래 괴롭힘 경험의 매개효과-일반 초등학생을 대상으로 = The relationship between sibling bullying experience on internalizing problems: The Mediating effect of peer bullying experience moderated by friendship quality in a sample of elementary school children

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Given siblings play an important role on the children’s social development and sibling interactions are often carried into peer contexts, this study examined sibling bullying and peer bullying. More specifically, the purpose of the present study was to examine the role of peer bullying experience (perpetration and victimization) in underlying the relationship between sibling bullying experience (perpetration and victimization) and internalizing problems among Korean children. In addition, the role of friendship quality to serve as a moderator between sibling bullying experience and peer bullying experience was investigated. Among a sample of 536 Korean children in grades 3∼6, mediated moderation analyses using SPSS Macro revealed the following results. First, peer bullying perpetration mediated the relationship between sibling bullying perpetration and internalizing problems, friendship quality moderated the relationship between sibling bullying perpetration and peer bullying perpetration, and the interaction of sibling bullying perpetration and friendship quality influenced internalizing problems through peer bullying perpetration, which supported the mediated moderation Such findings indicate that those children who perceived their friendship quality to be low are vulnerable to internalizing problems because they are likely to bully their peers if they bullied their siblings, whereas those children with high friendship quality are not vulnerable to internalizing problems because they tend not to bully their peers even if they bullied their siblings. Second, peer bullying victimization mediated the relationship between sibling bullying victimization and internalizing problems. However, friendship quality did not moderate the association between sibling bullying victimization and peer bullying victimization, suggesting that children who were bullied by their siblings are at a great risk for peer bulling victimization regardless of their friendship quality. This is the first empirical study that suggests that sibling bullying influences internalizing problems through peer bullying and that friendship quality can prevent children who experienced sbiling bullying from experiencing peer bullying and internalizing problems.

국문 초록 (Abstract)

본 연구에서는 아동의 사회발달에 있어 형제가 지대한 영향을 미친다는 점 그리고 형제자매간의 상호작용이 또래와의 상호작용으로 이어진다는 점을 고려하여 가정 내와 학교에서 발생하는 형제자매 괴롭힘과 또래 괴롭힘을 함께 살펴보았다. 구체적으로, 초등학생이 인식한 형제자매 괴롭힘 경험(가해, 피해)과 또래가 인식한 내면화 문제간의 관계에서 친구관계의 질을 통한 또래 괴롭힘 경험(가해, 피해)의 매개된 조절효과를 확인하였다. 이를 위해 536명의 초등학교 3∼6학년 아동을 대상으로 형제자매 괴롭힘 경험, 친구관계의 질, 또래 괴롭힘 경험, 내면화 문제를 측정하였고, SPSS Macro를 사용하여 자료를 분석하였다. 본 연구의 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 또래 괴롭힘 가해 경험이 형제자매 괴롭힘 가해 경험과 내면화 문제간의 관계를 매개하고, 친구관계의 질이 형제자매 괴롭힘 가해 경험과 또래 괴롭힘 가해 경험간의 관계를 조절하며, 형제자매 괴롭힘 가해 경험이 내면화 문제에 미치는 영향에서 친구관계의 질에 의해 조절된 또래 괴롭힘 가해 경험의 매개효과가 나타났다. 이러한 결과는 친구관계의 질이 낮은 아동은 형제자매를 괴롭힌 경험이 있으면 또래를 괴롭힐 가능성이 높아 내면화 문제에 취약하지만, 친구관계의 질이 높은 아동은 형제자매를 괴롭힌 경험이 있어도 또래를 괴롭힐 가능성이 낮아 내면화 문제에 덜 취약하다는 것을 의미한다. 둘째, 또래 괴롭힘 피해 경험은 형제자매 괴롭힘 피해 경험과 내면화 문제간의 관계를 매개하는 것으로 나타났다. 하지만, 친구관계의 질은 형제자매 괴롭힘 피해 경험과 또래 괴롭힘 피해 경험을 조절하지 않는 것으로 나타나, 형제자매에게 괴롭힘을 당한 아동은 친구관계의 질이 높아도 또래에게 괴롭힘을 당할 가능성이 높은 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구는 국내에서 처음으로 형제자매 괴롭힘이 또래 괴롭힘을 매개로 내면화 문제에 영향을 미친다는 점을 증명했다는 점 그리고, 친구관계의 질이 형제자매 괴롭힘을 경험한 아동의 또래 괴롭힘과 내면화 문제를 예방하는데 효과가 있다는 점을 밝혔다는 데 그 의의가 있다.

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