풍신정권의 일본통합과 대마도주 종씨의 조선교섭 = Japanese integration of The Toyotomi Regime and So's Diplomatic Policy to Chosun in 1585-1591

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The Toyotomi regime took Sobujirei as its principal domestic policy toward the unification of the Japanese Islands in order to deny the territorial conflicts among Daimyo, that is, the custom of self-aid which was the characteristic of a society in the Middle Age. These conflicts were the cause of Sengokudoran and Soubujirei was the basis of Tennou's ruling of the country described in Chokutei, Rinmei, and Eiryo.
The Sobujirei had four characteristics.. First, it was made to establish the Toyotomi regime on the ruling basis of every Daimyo whose regional unification was granted to some extent by means of Kokubun(, that is, Honryoando, Honsyukenando, and Seppan set by the cease-fire order accepted by the parties in dispute.
Second, it forced Daimyos to obey Jyoraku and Shusshi as a gift of compromising disputes when the cease-fire order or Kokubun was accepted by Daimyos.
Third, the Toyotomi regime took a military sanction such as Seibai or Chubatsu or Seibatsu if daimyos did not obey any of its demands like cease-fire order, Kokubun, Jyoraku, and Shusshi.
Fourth, when the Toyotomi regime applied Sobujirei to the disobedient countries, the Daimyo in its adjacent countries incorporated into the regime and senior statesmen of the regime took an initiative in the enforcement of Sobujirei and military sanction.
The Toyotomi regime took Karairi as its foreign policy in order to face with the lack of feudal estates to be assigned to a group of vassals, which was resulted from the incorporation of the Japanese Islands by Sovujirei. The primary task that the Toyotomi regime, the incorporated Japan, had to do before Karairi was to make Chosun play a leading role in conquering Ming by applying Sobujirei to Chosun, an adjacent country to Ming.
Thus, the Toyotomi regime ordered So, the ruler of the Tsushima Island bordered with Chosun to negotiate for the entrance of the king of Chosun into Japan.
On the other hand, the worsening relation between Chosun and Tsushima Island was a matter of vital importance for So because his ruling system was based on its friendship with Chosun and its interests in the country. Thus, So practiced a double-faced diplomacy to Chosun and the Toyotomi regime. He asked Chosun to send Th'ongsinsa to the Toyotomi regime instead of requestion the king of Chosun to visit Japan in order to avoid the conquest of the Toyotomi regime over Chosun. A military sanction against Chosun was imminent because the Toyotomi regime tried to apply sobujirei to Chosun, requestion the country to send her king to the regime, where as it was absoultely impossible for Chosun to accept the request. So tried to satisfy Toyotomi hideyoshi's request by referring to the delegate as Korye Kanpaku.
However, So's effort ended in acceleration the policy of Karairi and was ordered to play a leading part in pursuing the policy.
So tried to satisfy Toyotomi's request by asking Chosun to take an initiative in establishing a friendly relation between the regime and Ming. When he asked favor of Chosun, he used the term Kadonyumin instead of Seiminkyodo. In spite of the alleviated nuance of the terminology, So's request was turned down by Chosun. So then tried to avoid a war between Chosun and the Toyotomi regime by negotiating about Kadonyumin disguised as a request to provide the regime with a military path to Ming. This negotiation also turned into a failure. Thus, So's five-year effort to avoid the application of avoid the application of Sovujirei was in vain. As a result, Chosun suffered a military sanction due to the violation of Sobujirei, which is called Imjinwaeran.