Abstract
With the advent of global economic era, economic borders are gradually disappearing, and the operation of the capital is more liberal. Different countries have different accounting standards. To improve the reliability of accounting inform...
Abstract
With the advent of global economic era, economic borders are gradually disappearing, and the operation of the capital is more liberal. Different countries have different accounting standards. To improve the reliability of accounting information, IFRS has been put into use, which is a dominated means under the global standard. There are two kinds of the IFRS input: one is overall input without any modification; the other is according to the national conditions. International accounting having been put into use, accounting standards between different countries can’t reach an agreement yet. Therefore, the comparative study on the accounting standards has been playing an important part in the study on international accounting.
Until now, there are lots of comparative studies on the accounting standards between Korea and China. Recently, the two countries continue to make changes according to IFRS, however, some doesn’t reflect the reality. So new comparative study based on the new standards is required.
In this study, the significance, goal setting, composing and main features of the international accounting standards are introduced. The current situation of the IFRS input between Korea and China is also compared. K-IFRS and CAS are compared through their formation and development and regulatory authorities, especially the differences of the elements and financial statements. Here are the results.
First,because of different input methods, there is no difference between K-IFRS and IFRS, while CAS, which is aimed at putting the IFRS into full use, has some different details.
Second, CAS has a wide range of objects that can work out consolidated financial statement, in addition to qualifying enterprises.
Third, in K-IFRS, cost model or revaluation model can be applied to subsequently measure tangible and intangible assets, only cost model in CAS.
Fourth, in K-IFRS, identified kinds, for example, intangible assets which have to do with customers, technology, marketing, contracts and art, are distinguished in details. In CAS, intangible assets mainly include patents, rights of trademark, copyright, non-patent technology, and use rights, exclusive operating rights and so forth. There are no specified items about customer relationships and human resources that have an impact on the company’s future benefits and that are hard to classify into intangible assets.
Fifth, as for the range of capitalization of borrowing costs, K-IFRS and IFRS distinguish assets from unused assets in some detail, while CAS has no explicit stipulation.
Sixth, in K-IFRS, research and development cost is clearly divided and is calculated according to the accounting standards, while in CAS, it is treated as current expenditure.
Seventh, CAS only has some regulations related to short-term employee benefits and dismissal pay, which has disadvantages when compared with K-IFRS which set rules on other employee benefits and severance payment.
Eighth, in K-IFRS, there are no definite rules on whole principles or projects which must be labeled. Besides, the report style is up to every company. In the meantime, CAS makes detailed rules on the report style and labeled items.
Finally, the classifications of statement of financial position including all-inclusive income statement and cash flow table are essentially the same. However, differences still exist in some particular projects and terms.
In summary, differences exist in accounting standards and financial statements between the two countries, which account for each country’s special situations. It is expected that study can explain the causes and the effects on stock market, which will do help to the understanding of the two countries’ state systems.