8주간의 복합운동이 75세 이상 노인의 인체조성, 혈중지질 및 근력 개선에 미치는 효과

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of a combined exercise program on body composition, muscle strength, functional fitness, and blood variables for the elderly. A total of 201 male and female subjects with an average age of 75 years participated in the study. Subjects were grouped into an al group (combined exercise group, 104 subjects) and a control group (97 subjects). The experimental group was administered a combined exercise program consisting of aerobic, resistance, and flexibility exercises for 50 mins each time, twice a week, for 8 weeks in total. The control group was not subjected to any experimental treatment. The major findings of this study were as follows. Body composition measurements using indicated no statistically significant change in all variables for the experimental group; the variables were maintained. The control group did not show any significant change in muscle mass and basal metabolism; however, the increase in body fat, body fat percentage, abdominal fat ratio, and body mass index were statistically significant. The measurements of muscle strength of the upper and lower limbs using indicated that the grip strength of the control group was significantly increased, while the rest of the variables were maintained, indicating no statistically significant change. In the case of the control group, a statistically significant decrease occurred in the strength of the quadriceps muscle, hamstring, biceps brachii, and triceps brachii. Further, in the control group, the results of the Senior Fitness Test, which is a functional fitness test for the elderly, indicated statistically significant improvements for Chair sit-and-reach and Back scratch, and Arm curl, 30-sec chair stand, 2-Minute step test, and 8-Foot up-and-go. Only Chair sit-and-reach indicated a statistically significant decrease in the control group. No other variable indicated a significant decrease. An analysis of blood lipids indicated that the experimental group had significant improvements in total cholesterol, triglycerides, and high-density lipoproteins, while the changes in blood glucose and low-density lipoproteins were nonsignificant. For the control group, however, no statistically significant change was observed in all areas. In conclusion, a combined exercise program for the elderly, 75-years or older, appears to be helpful decreased physical functions due to aging and activities of daily living for the elderly, in that the exercise program demonstrated positive effects in the maintenance and improvement of muscle strength and body composition, and was effective in improving blood lipids and elements of functional fitness.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• I. 서 론 1
• 1. 연구의 필요성 1
• 2. 연구의 목적 3
• 3. 연구의 가설 3
• 4. 연구의 제한점 4
• 5. 용어의 정의 4
• II. 이론적 배경 6
• 1. 노인 6
• 1) 노화의 원인 6
• 2) 노인과 만성질환 7
• 3) 노인성 허약 9
• 2. 운동의 생리적 효과 12
• 1) 유산소성 운동의 효과 12
• 2) 저항성 운동의 효과 14
• 3) 복합 운동의 효과 15
• 3. 건강체력 17
• 1) 건강체력의 요소 17
• 2) 건강체력과 만성질환 20
• 3) 노화와 건강체력 21
• 4) 체력향상을 위한 운동 22
• 4. Senior Fitness Test (SFT) 24
• 1) SFT 측정법 24
• 2) SFT 측정을 활용한 건강기능 검사 25
• III. 연구 방법 29
• 1. 연구대상 29
• 2. 연구설계 29
• 3. 측정도구 및 방법 31
• 4. 복합운동 프로그램 32
• 5. 자료분석 방법 34
• IV. 연구 결과 35
• 1. 인체조성 35
• 1) 체질량지수(BMI) 및 복부지방률(WHR) 35
• 2) 체지방량 및 체지방률 36
• 3) 골격근 및 기초대사량 38
• 2. 근력 39
• 1) 대퇴사두근 및 슬괵근 39
• 2) 상완이두근 및 상완삼두근 41
• 3) 악력 42
• 3. Senior Fitness Test (SFT) 43
• 1) 30초 앉았다 일어서기 43
• 2) 2분 제자리걷기 44
• 3) 30초 아령 들어올리기 44
• 4) 8피트 왕복 걷기 45
• 5) 의자에 앉아 발끝잡기 46
• 6) 등 뒤로 손잡기 47
• 4. 혈액변인 47
• 1) 총콜레스테롤(TC) 47
• 2) 저밀도지단백콜레스테롤(LDL-C) 48
• 3) 고밀도지단백콜레스테롤(HDL-C) 49
• 4) 중성지방(TG) 50
• 5) 혈당(Glucose) 50
• V. 논 의 52
• 1. 인체조성 52
• 2. 근력 53
• 3. Senior Fitness Test(SFT) 55
• 4. 혈액변인 57
• Ⅵ. 결론 59
• 참고 문헌 61