The purpose of this study was to develop and validate a scale of university student institutional commitment. The research questions to achieve the purpose of this study are as follows. First, what are the factors and question composition of universit...
The purpose of this study was to develop and validate a scale of university student institutional commitment. The research questions to achieve the purpose of this study are as follows. First, what are the factors and question composition of university student institutional commitment? Second, what are the validity and reliability of the university student institutional commitment scale? The development and validation stages of the university student institutional commitment scale are as follows.
The development of the university student institutional commitment scale was conducted through the stages of development plan, item development, pilot survey, and main survey. First, in the development plan stage, the purpose, target, and type of scale development were determined. Second, in the item development stage, prior studies at home and abroad were analyzed. In addition, three Delphi surveys were conducted on a group of university education experts. Third, the results of the Delphi survey were analyzed, preliminary questions were selected through a review process, and preliminary surveys were conducted on 103 college students in the metropolitan and non-metropolitan areas. Fourth, the results of the pilot survey were analyzed and reflected to select the questions of main survey, and main survey was conducted on 536 college students in the metropolitan and non-metropolitan areas. The distribution of item responses, item preference, and item discrimination were confirmed with the collected data and reduced to 20 items.
The validation of the university student institutional commitment scale was as follows. First, exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis were conducted based on data from 536 college students nationwide, and the institutional commitment scale for college students was identified as four constituent factors. Specifically, the constituent factors and items are educational satisfaction (9 questions), learning activities (4 questions), social interaction (5 questions), and college preference (2 questions). The fit of model of the university student institutional commitment scale was confirmed with the standard index, and the final scale could be used regardless of gender and department. Second, the correlation was analyzed between the university student institutional commitment and institutional commitment(ACS & CCS). Convergence validity was confirmed through average variance extraction(AVE), concept reliability(C.R.), standardized regression weights(SRW), and Critical Ratio(C.R) values, and discrimination validity was confirmed through the confidence interval of the average variance extraction, value, and correlation coefficient between sub-factors. Finally, the result of the reliability for the final 20 items is the overall .93, educational satisfaction .93, learning activities .81, social interaction .89, and college preference .82.
The final scale in this study is composed of four factors: educational satisfaction, learning activities, social interaction and college preference. It was developed to evaluate the overall level of university student institutional commitment using the Likert scale with a total of 20 items. The higher the score of this scale, the higher the student institutional commitment.
It was confirmed that the university student institutional commitment scale developed through this study is a reliable and valid scale that can measure the university student institutional commitment. Through this scale, it will be possible to confirm the construct factors and other intertwined factors of university student institutional commitment that affect institutional commitment. The institutional commitment scale contributes to be a diagnostic tool that students use to increase their institutional commitment, and provides fundamental data on university student institutional commitment.