재무교육 및 재무상담에 대한 소비자요구와 선호분석 = An Analysis on the Needs and Preference for Financial Education and Financial Counseling

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Financial education and financial counseling are useful tools for improvement of financial capability and financial well-being. However, financial education and counseling have not only similarities but also differences in their goals, the relationships between the educators or counselors and clients, and their effects, Because of the differences, education may be more appropriate for some topics or some consumers while counseling may be better way for the other topics or consumers. The purpose of this study was to compare the needs for financial education and financial counseling in their subject areas. The results can give useful information on what subjects are needed by education and counseling. The results will also give the answer the question, which is the better way between education and counseling for each subject and consumers with different characteristics? The data of the study came from the 2008 Fund Investor Survey of Korea Investors Protection Foundation. Total number of the sample was 2,530 who lived in Seoul and 6 metropolitan areas of Korea. The sample was consisted of relatively large proportions of young, unmarried and high income consumers compared the census result. The need level was measured by 4 score Likert scale for 11 financial subject areas ; saving, fund investment, stock and bond investment, credit management, tax management, risk management, retirement planning, money preparation for business, real estate investment, income and expense management, and estate planning. For the statistical analysis, paired t-test, correlation, multiple regression analysis and multinomial logistic analysis were utilized using SPSS. The main results are as follows: The need levels for both education and counseling are high. The ranks of the topic needs for financial education and financial counseling are very similar. The education and counseling needs for retirement planning, tax management and real estate investment are the highest. But the need level for education is greater than that of counseling. For all topics, the need for education is greater than the need for counseling. This result implies that education can be more effective. The correlations between the needs for education and counseling are very high, which means that counseling need is also high if education need is high. Even though education need is generally greater than counseling need, counseling also may be more effective for some subject areas and for some clients. Credit management is an example topic for which counseling need is greater than other topics. The factors affecting the need for financial education are very similar with those affecting the need for financial counseling. Age, educational level, marital status, number of household members, home ownership, financial assets, debt and financial counseling experience are significant factors for both needs. The need is greater for the younger, educated and married persons with larger sized family, greater financial assets and debt, and financial counseling experience. The percentage of the consumer group that prefers financial education to counseling is the biggest in general whereas the percentage of the group with no preference is the highest for each topic. The factors influencing the preferences for education and counseling are different. The probability to belong to the consumer group who prefer for education is increased if the age of the consumers are over 50s, their financial assets are greater and they have no counseling experience. On the other hands, the probability to belong to the consumer group who prefer for counseling is higher for the consumer who is female, wage earner and living in a small family. This result shows that different consumer characteristics can be considered to plan the financial education and counseling.

참고문헌 (Reference)

1 한국투자자교육재단, "펀드투자자조사"

2 표준영, "초등학교 학생의 소비자교육에 대한 부모와 교사의 인식 및 요구 분석" 한국실과교육학회 19 (19): 155-174, 2006

3 장안나, "초등학교 교사의 소비자 교육에 관한 필요도-요구도와 관련 변수" 12 (12): 15-28, 2000

4 최현자, "초·중·고등학교 교과과정에서의 금융소비자교육 내용분석-교육영역을 중심으로-" 한국소비자학회 16 (16): 109-132, 2005

5 김정호, "초, 중, 고 금융교육 표준안의 구성 배경과내용 체계" 3 (3): 57-72, 2011

6 최현자, "중학생의 금융이해력수준과 금융소비자교육요구도연구" 2005

7 김정희, "중학교 창의적 재량활동 시간을 활용한 소비자교육 프로그램 개발 및 효과" 한국가정과교육학회 18 (18): 103-126, 2006

8 배윤정, "정보사회의 소비자교육내용 체계화를 위한 연구" 11 (11): 63-84, 2000

9 김성숙, "저소득층가계의 재무문제와 재무상담 수요에 관한 연구" 한국가족자원경영학회 15 (15): 147-171, 2011

10 김경자, "인터넷 재무상담 프로그램의 내용과 양식개발에 관한 연구" 19 (19): 207-220, 2001

11 이희자, "유아교사의 특성에 따른 유아소비자교육 요구분석" 9 (9): 189-203, 2000

12 천규승, "우리나라 고등학생의 금융이해력 모의테스트 결과" 3 (3): 73-92, 2011

13 서정희, "어머니와 교사의 학령 전 아동소비자교육요구분석 : 울산시를 중심으로" 36 (36): 81-98, 1998

14 "신용회복위원"

15 윤정혜, "소비자재무설계·상담·교육 프로그램 개발을 위한 연구 방향" 12 (12): 89-109, 2001

16 손상희, "소비자재무설계 제2판" 학현사 2009

17 허욱재, "소비자소외의 개념에 관한 연구" 한국소비자정책교육학회 2 (2): 21-43, 2006

18 김시월, "소비자교육 활성화를 위한 e-Learning 활용: 대학생 소비자의 학습태도, 만족도 및 요구도를 중심으로" 한국소비자학회 19 (19): 93-120, 2008

19 성영애, "소비자교육 내용을 중심으로 한 소비자교육에 대한 요구분석 : 주부소비자를 대상으로" 13 : 11-23, 1988

20 김정현, "소비자 재무관리역량 척도 및 지수 개발 연구" 서울대학교 대학원 2011

21 김태은, "사회교육으로서의 소비자교육프로그램 개발 II: 프로그램내용 및 운용방법에 대한 요구도 분석" 한국가족자원경영학회 10 (10): 1-26, 2006

22 손상희, "미국의 소비자재무상담 서비스 연구" 한국소비문화학회 7 (7): 101-127, 2004

23 손주영, "대학생의 소비자재무지식, 소비자 재무행동, 소비자재무교육 요구도" 한국가족자원경영학회 12 (12): 141-157, 2008

24 정운영, "대학생을 위한 재무관리교육 프로그램 개발 및 평가" 한국생활과학회 15 (15): 999-1014, 2006

25 이경옥, "대학 소비자교육 교양강좌의 실태조사와 요구도 조사를 통한 교과모형개발" 한국생활과학회 18 (18): 363-379, 2009

26 이혜임, "노인소비자의 구매문제와 소비자정보및교육요구" 7 (7): 159-191, 1996

27 권정원, "노인소비자교육 요구분석 : 노인교육기관을중심으로" 22 : 1-18, 1997

28 홍향숙, "기혼여성의 재무관리교육에 대한요구분석" 15 (15): 53-69, 1997

29 최현자, "금융채무불이행자의 재무관리역량: 일반소비자와의 비교" 한국소비자학회 21 (21): 83-105, 2010

30 "국민연금공단"

31 Bae, Sung C, "What Consumers Look for in Financial Planners" 8 (8): 9-16, 1997

32 Lyons, Angela C, "The Credit Practices and Financial Education Needs of Community College Students" 14 (14): 63-74, 2003

33 Williams, Flora L, "Personal Communication, June 17, in Lown, J. M.1999), “Financial Counseling and Education Programs in the United States: Suggestions for Adapting Them to Korea" 1999

34 Mason, Jerry, "Financial Planner or Financial Counselor : The Differences Are Significant" 20 (20): 142-147, 1986

35 Grable, John E, "Financial Help-Seeking Behavior : Theory and Implication" 10 (10): 14-25, 1999

36 Collins, J. Michael, "Financial Education and Counseling - StillHolding Promise" 44 (44): 483-498, 2010

37 Bailey, WilliamC, "Educational Desires of Credit Counseling Clients" 14 (14): 51-56, 2003

38 Pope, Ralph A., "Characteristics and Needs of Students Interested in Financial Planning" 2 : 79-96, 1991

39 Grable, John E, "A Further Examination of Financial Help-Seeking Behavior" 12 (12): 55-73, 2001

40 최은진, "7차교육과정의 초·중·고등학교 금융소비자교육 내용분석* - 실업과와 사회과를 중심으로 -" 대한가정학회 44 (44): 129-142, 2006

41 금융위원회, "2010년도 제2차 금융교육협의회 개최결과" 2010