Gustav Mahler의 歌曲에 關한 硏究 = A Study on the Gustav Mahler's Lied Works

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This study is focused on the general patterns and characteristics of Gustav Mahler's (1860-1911) lied works.
Gustav Mahler who put the period to the postromanticism in modern music history left all 40 lieds and 10 symphonies through his life.
His symphonies are highly praised as masterpieces adherent to the traditional convention though they are not totally conservative in expression. His works are understand to hae adopted classic forms and Romantic musical meaning but generally said to have followed progressive tendency.
It is not possible to think of his symphonies seperated from his lied, as they are closed related. Mahler emphasized the poetic lyricism on which he built up his composing technique.
From that point of view, he belongs to the category of the composers of German traditional lied in which Schubert and Schumann were forerunners. His symphonies 춤 be said to have developed on the basis of German lieds.
The world of his work is characterized by Das Klagende Lied. He consolidated his own composing technique while he endeavored to work out Lieder eines fahrenden Gesellen and Des Knaben Wunderhorn in his early era of German Lyric Poems, Des Knaben Wunderhorn supplied Mahler the German folklore themes on which he wrote his works of early era, including Symphony No.4.
The works of his middle era are devided into two categories of Symphony No. 5, No. 6, No, 7, known as genuinely instrumental works, and 10 lieds of Ruckert poems.
These works of his are characterized by long melodies, lyricism and his unique contrapuncta patterns.
Later he completed three symphonies including the grand Symphony No. 8 and symphonic lied “Das Lied von der Erde” which was written on the concentration of songs. Especially this lied is highly appreciated as it condensed his life composition patterns as a whole.
Most of Mahler's lieds are accompanied by orchestra, the method of which was preceded by Berlioz and Wagner, but Mahler's symphonic arrangement shows clear simplicity and counterpoint technique.
On the other hand, the music material of his lied is from folk music of Austria and Bohemia.
In his music, we can find natural sounds like birds' songs, military fanfare or funeral march and popular songs and farmer's dance music.
Mahler put strong emphasis on unified motive more than on poetic rhythm in his texture and in that meaning his composition pattern of lied is out of practice. Those motives produce melodies through juxtaposition method but in his late days, there appeared rather long, lyric melodies.
His composition patterns draw attention as unique method called “narrative principle” that gives successful effect in expression through symbolic key-psychology, but it is no doubt that his technique is not harmonious but rather depends on contrapunctal melody.
Mahler's merit lies in progressive traits, specially in his lieds and this merit built up good basis for later modern composers, like Schonberg, Webern and Berg.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• Ⅰ. 序 論
• Ⅱ. Mahler의 生涯
• Ⅲ. Mahler의 音樂樣式的 特性
• Ⅳ. 作品에 對한 考察
• (1) 初期의 作品
• (2) Wunderhorn 時代
• (3) 中期作品時代
• (4) 後期作品時代
• Ⅴ. 結 論