빈 회의와 유럽협조 체제 - 19세기 전반기 유럽질서의 형성 -|RISS 상세보기

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The diplomatic negotiations at Vienna from September 1814 to June 1815 took place amidst scenes of glittering splendour. The major territorial issues were decided by the victorious Great Powers, Russia, Prussia, Austria and Britain, who were persuaded by Talleyrand, head of the French delegation to include France among the Five Great Powers. It is commonly stated that the Vienna Settlement was based on the twin principles of ‘legitimacy’ and ‘balance of power’. But the evidence suggests that the allied leaders did not regard legitimacy as very compelling principle, its application being haphazard. It was plain, in the final territorial solution, that the balance of power was more important than legitimacy.
The Congress System, which took the form of a series of congresses held between 1818 and 1822, can be regarded as a practical expression of the rather general concept of the Concert of Europe. The Concert of Europe represented the balance of power that existed in Europe from the Congress of Vienna through the mid-nineteenth century. In recent years some historians have argued that the old formulae for ‘balance of power’ were in fact highly destabilizing and predatory. They said the Congress of Vienna avoided them and instead set up rules that produced a stable and benign equilibrium. In short, it was no more 18th-century style of ‘mechanical’ equilibrium, but a new type of ‘organic’ equilibrium that the Concert of Europe managed to maintain. In this sense, the European Concert System can be regarded as a mutual security institution with some normative values rather than as a stage of political hegemony of Great Powers.

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참고문헌 (Reference)

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7 Vick, Brian, "The Congress of Vienna. Power and Politics after Napoleon" Harvard University Press 2014

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9 Webster, Charles, "The Congress of Vienna 1814-1815" Oxford University Press 1918

10 Chapman, Tim, "The Congress of Vienna 1814-1815" Routledge 1998