한국어 학습자의 한국어 유음 /ㄹ/ 오류 고찰 -중국인과 베트남인 학습자를 중심으로- = A Study of Liquid Pronunciation Errors in Korean Language Learners - Focusing on Chinese and Vietnamese Learners -

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This study investigates pronunciation errors of the Korean liquid /ㄹ/ among Chinese and Vietnamese learners by contrasting the influence of their first language (L1) phonological systems on Korean as a second language (L2) acquisition. Drawing upon theoretical frameworks such as the Contrastive Analysis Hypothesis (CAH), Markedness Differential Hypothesis (MDH), and Language Transfer, predicted error types were compared with actual learner data. The Korean liquid /ㄹ/, realized as a tap or lateral depending on syllable position, presents significant challenges due to its markedness for most L2 learners. Vietnamese learners predominantly exhibit substitution errors, most notably replacing coda /ㄹ/ with the nasal /n/. Chinese learners display both deletion of coda /ㄹ/ and varied substitutions, including retroflex /ɻ/ and /n/. In both groups, errors are frequently not consciously recognized during the ‘interlanguage’ stage, and error patterns demonstrate instability across diverse speech contexts. These findings underscore the importance of individualized pronunciation instruction that considers L1 background and markedness in L2 phonological elements.